66 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



March, 191 1 



The Canadian Horticulturist 



Publbhad br Ths Harticult«ral 

 PubUahinc Company, Limited 



PByrKRBORO, ONTARIO 



The Only Horticultural Masfazine 

 in the Dominion 



OrricLAL Organ op the Ontario, Quebec, New 



Brunswick and Prince Edward Island 



Fruit Growers' Associations 



H. Bronson Cowan, Manasrinf^ Dtreotor 



1. The Oanadlan Hortionltnrlst 1b published on 

 the 2Sth day of the month preceding date of 

 tssne. 



2. Subscription price in Canada and Qreat Bri- 

 tain, 60 cents a year; two years, $1.00. For United 

 States and local subscriptions in Peterboro, (not 

 called for at the Post Office) 25 cents extra a 

 year, including postage. 



3. Remittances should be made by Post Office 

 or Express Money Order, or Registered Letter. 

 Postage Stamps accepted for amounts less than 

 $1.00. 



4. The Law is that subscribers to newspapers 

 are held responsible until all arrearages are paid 

 and their paper ordered to be discontinued. 



6. Change of Address.— When a change of ad- 

 dress is ordered, both the old and the new ad- 

 dresses must be given. 



6. Advertising Rates quoted on application. 

 Copy received up to the Uth. Address all ad- 

 vertising correspondence and copy to our Ad- 

 vertising Manager, Peterboro, Ont. 



7. Articles and Illustrations for publication 

 will be thankfully received by the editor. 



CIRCULATION STATEMENT. 



The following is a sworn statement of the net 

 paid circulation of The Canadian Horticulturist 

 for the year ending with December, 1910. The fig- 

 ures given are exclusive of samples and spoiled 

 copies. Most months, including the sample copies, 

 from 11,000 to 12,000 copies of The Canadian Hor- 

 tiouiturist are mailed to people known to be in- 

 terested in the growing of fruita, flowers or vege- 

 tables. 



January, 1910 8,925 



February, 1910 8,967 



March, 1910 9,178 



April, 1910 9,410 



May, 1910 9,505 



June, 1910 9,723 



July, 1910 9,300 



August, 1910 8,832 



September, 1910 8,776 



October, 1910 8,784 



November, 1910 8,747 



December, 1910 8,662 



108,809 

 Avarmffc each iMue in 1907, 6,627 

 " " 1908, 8,695 



1909. 8,970 



1910, 9,067 



Sworn detmiled statements will be mailed upon 

 application. 



OUR PROTECTIVE POLICY. 



We want the readers of The Oanadlaji Horti- 

 culturist to feel that they can deal with our 

 advertisers with our assurance of the advertis- 

 ers' reliability. We try to admit to our columns 

 only the most reliable advertisers. Should any 

 subscriber, therefore, have good cause to be 

 dissatisfied with the treatment he receives from 

 any of our advertisers, we will look into the 

 matter and Investigate the circumstances fully. 

 Should we find reason, even in the slightest 

 degree, we will discontinue immediately the pub- 

 lication of their advertisements in The Horti- 

 culturist. Should the ciroumstanoes warrant, 

 we will expose them through the columns of 

 the paper. Thus we will not only protect our 

 readers, but our reputable advertisers as well. 

 All that is necessary to entitle yon to the bene- 

 fit of this Protective Policy is that you include 

 in all your letters to advertisers the words 

 "I saw your ad. in The Canadian Horticnltur 

 ist. Complaints should be made to ns as soon 

 ae possible after reason for dlssatlsfaatlon haf> 

 been found. 



Oommnnloations should be addressed; 



THB OANADIAH HOETIOULTUBIBT. 



PITBBBOBO, OHTABIO 



BUYING TREES 



The comparatively few unprinciplod 

 agont.s who make a practice of buying job 

 lots of nur,si'ry trees and then peddling 

 them out to the public under any name 

 that they think will suit the fancy of the 

 ptucha.sers, have caused nur-sery men fre- 

 quently to be looked upon as an unprinci- 

 pled lot. Nursery men, as a rule, are as 

 honest as any other class of business men, 

 but owing to a great numl>er of factors 

 that enter into the case which are beyond 

 their control, they cannot guarantee their 

 stock true to name without being forced 

 to charfro prices that would be practically 

 prohibitive. 



It would bo to the advantage of everj' 

 fruit grower if he would order his stock 

 early in the season. There would then be 

 plenty of time for the nurseryman to sort 

 the stock carefully, see that the trees are 

 true to name and free from disea.se. Later 

 in the season, when everything i.s in a rush, 

 it is not likely that sc much care will I,e 

 taken in sorting the stock, and the varie- 

 ties are more liable to become mixed. 



Do not buy from any other than an au- 

 thorized agent of a reliable nur-sery. It is 

 wiser to buy direct, for even if an agent 

 is hcnest he is likely to become confused 

 in making delivery at some country hotel. 

 There is also great danger that with a 

 number of farmers pulling the bunches of 

 trees over in search of their own that the 

 different lots will become mixed, the labels 

 torn off or the bundles broken. IJnder these 

 circumstances there is a great temptation 

 for the agent to save himself by counting 

 out the right number of trees, even if he 

 knows that they are not of the varieties 

 ordered. 



If the order is sent direct tc the nursery, 

 there is a separate bill made out giving 

 the number and names of all the trees sent 

 in each shipment. A nurseryman is only 

 human, and it can be easily understood 

 that when a separate bill is made up, 

 which .some time in the future may be 

 shown to him by an irate customer who 

 claims that his trees did not come true to 

 name, that the nurseryman will be mere 

 particular in sending out good stock and 

 true to name than he would be in making 

 up a job lot to be divided up by some 

 agent. Moral — Order early and only from 

 well establi.shed and reliable nurservmen. 



PLANT EARLY APPLES 



The market for early apples is increas- 

 ing steadily, and unless all signs fail it 

 will continue to do so. Our old orchards 

 of early apples have nearly all either been 

 grafted to later varieties or have died 

 from neglect. Our population is increasing 

 rapidly, and until the last year or two no 

 one had planted early apples. 



In early days, owing to poor market fa- 

 cilities and lack of refrigerator cars, prices 

 were so low that early fruit was a drug 

 on the market. Conditions have changed 

 since then and cur most prosperous apple 

 growers are planting largely of early var- 

 ieties. What is the reason for this change? 

 Of late years out cities have increased 

 wonderfully in size, both from the influx 

 from the country and by immigration, and 

 at the same time the country population 

 has decreased so that there a less ntimber 

 to grow the apples and more to consume 



thnni. A few years ago most city dwellers 

 had relatives who would send them in ;i 

 few early apples. In the mad rush for tin 

 city thtwe homo tie-i have been broken or 

 else the whole connection hag moved to 

 the city, and in raanv cases the early apple 

 trees have been cut down. 



The people are using mor« apples of all 

 varieties than thev did in the past. The 

 settling of the great northwest and the im- 

 prove<l .shipping facilities opens up an al- 

 most unlimited market from the prairie 

 district and also from the northern parts 

 of Ontario and Quebec. 



Our improve<l methods of spraying will 

 control the scab, which is usually worse on 

 early fruit than winter varieties. We 

 would advi.se a fruit grower to plant early 

 apples only where there was a good local 

 market or where there was a g(K)d, strong 

 cooperative as.sociation or in a heavy pro- 

 ducing district which would insure the 

 necessary refrigerator cars and proper 

 handling of the apples. 



One of the chief advantages of the grow- 

 ing of early apples is that by planting a 

 proper rotation a succession may be had 

 from the early part of August through un- 

 til the late winter varieties are ready to 

 pick. By this means the picking season is 

 extenfled from a rush of a few weeks to a 

 period of from three to four months. 



As .soon as the work of spraying and cul- 

 tivating is over and the cover crops sown, 

 the help may be steadily employed in pick- 

 ing and marketing the apples. Under such 

 conditions the work will be more cheaply 

 and more thoroughly done than is possible 

 when extra hands, many of them entirely 

 inexperienced, must be employed to rush 

 the work through before frost comes. 



RENOVATE THE ORCHARDS 



No one has as yet figured out the great 

 loss to Canada through neglect of her or- 

 chards. We hear and read much about the 

 conservation of our natural resources. 

 Here is a natural resource which is one of 

 the easiest to protect. Yet, but little has 

 been done in this direction. 



Old orchards that had not produced pro- 

 fitable crops for years were taken ever last 

 season in Ontario as demonstration or- 

 chards. In the one season, with proper 

 care, they were made to yield from one 

 hundred tc three hundred dollars, net pro- 

 fit, per acre. This means a rate of interest 

 of from ten to thirty per cent, on a valua- 

 tion of a thousand dollars per acre. The 

 gain to our fruit growers would be enor- 

 mous if every acre of orchard would pro- 

 duce on an average only one hundred dol- 

 lars per acre per year. 



How can this be done? By spraying, 

 pruning .and cultivating, but the most im- 

 I>ortant of these is spraying. The trees 

 should be thoroughly pruned. If they are 

 high cut the tops down even if the limbs 

 are six inches across when sawn off. It 

 will not injure the tree if care is taken 

 to kt>ep them painted. Where the varie- 

 ties are unsuitable for market they should 

 be top grafted by the ordinary method of 

 cleft grafting. 



The trees should be sprayed while dor- 

 mant with a strong solution of lime-sul- 

 phur either heme boiled or one of the com- 

 mercial brands which give equally as good 

 results and are much more convenient. 

 Two later sprayings at least .should be 

 given, with either dilute lime-sulphur or 

 the ordinary Bordeaux mixed with a poi- 

 son. 



The first thing to do is to buy a pump 

 of a good, reliable make. Get one larger 

 than you will need to go over your orchard 



