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THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



April, 1911 



SMALL FRUIT PLANTS 



Gooiebcrries, Jo»»elyn. Red Jacket. Downine, Pearl. Houghton. Corr«nl», 

 Perfection, Ruby, Cherry, White Grape, Lee's Prohfic. Champion, Black 

 Naples, Victoria.— Ratpbcrries, Herbert, Cuthbert, Marlboro, Brinckle a 

 Orange, Golden Queen, Strawberry-Raspberry. — G«rde» Rooti, Asparagus, 

 Rhubarb, Perennial Celery, Write for Catalogue. 

 WM. FLEMING, Nurseryman, Box 54, Owen Sound, Ontario 



Look at the H. P. Spramotor 

 spraying an acre of potatoes in 15 

 minutes. There are three nozzles to 

 a row and four rows, two spraying 

 from the sides and one from the 

 top. Adjustable as to height and 

 width up to 40 inch rows. Absolute- 

 ly non-clogging nozzles. 12 gallon 

 air tank, automatic and hand con- 

 trolled. 125 lbs. pressure guaranteed 

 with 12 nozzles open. ITas agitator 

 clean-out nri'SBUre relief into tank, 

 and nozzle protector, all under con- 

 trol of driver from seat. For 1 or 2 

 horses Pitted for orchards, vine- 

 yards and grain. Write for book- 

 let. 



HEARD SPRAMOTOR CO. 



1398 King St., London, Can. 



yiulHply^ur Profits Wikh 

 This Proved Farm Power 



YOU have invested a certain amount of money in your farm ma- 

 chines — your separator — fanning mill — ensilage cutter — pump. 

 To make that investment pay dividends, these machines must be 

 operated at highest efficiency and the least possible cost. 



Years of splendid service have shown that the most efficient oper- 

 ator of farm machines is an 



I H C GASOLINE ENGINE 



All I H C engines are conservatively rated — each engine easily 

 developing 10 to 30 per cent more than its listed horse power. 



The I H C is simple — its parts few and strong. This makes it 

 easy to clean and keep in good condition, and gives it lasting qualities not 

 to be found on more complicated engines. 

 I H C Gasoline Engines are built 

 in all styles and sizes, 1 to 45-H. P., verti- 

 cal and horizontal — stationary, portable, 

 or tractor. 



No matter what work you want done there 

 is an I H C to do it. See the I H C local 

 dealer and pick out the engine you need. Get 

 it to work saving you time and money and in- 

 creasing your production. If you prefer, write 

 for catalogue and full itiformation to nearest 

 branch house. 



CANADIAN BRANCHES— Intemalioiul Humtter Companr of 

 America at Brandon, Calvary, Eilraonton, Hamilton, Lethbrid^e, 

 London, Montreal, North Battleford, Ottawn, Recina. S**t'M"^'!i 

 "it. John, Weybnm, Winnipes, YorktOB. 



I H C Service Biireaa 



The purpose of this 

 Bureau is to furnish 

 farmers with infot- 

 mation on better 

 farming. If you 

 have any worthy 

 Question concerning: 

 soils, crops, pests, 

 fertilizer, etc . write 

 to the I H C Serv- 

 ice Bureau. and 

 leam what our ex- 

 perts and others 

 have found out 

 concerning those 

 subjects. 



International Harvester Company of America 



Chicago (Inoorporatod) USA 



£f 





|f 



POULTRY DEPT. 



Cooperation in Handling Eggs 



A largo produce firm in Montr0.1l stato 

 that they throw out from two to four doz<i] 

 eggs out of each case that they handle. Wlm 

 pays for this I0.S8? The egg dealer is u 

 in the business for his health and he ba 

 his prices upon what he will get for his 

 whole stock, good, bad or indifferent. 



It is estimated by Pref. Elford of M 

 Donald College that about twenty-five i> 

 lion dollars were paid out la.st year by ecu 

 sumers for eggs while the sum realized by 

 the producers did not exceed fifteen million 

 dollars. In other words t<-n million dollars 

 either went to the middle men or was lost 

 owing to the careless manner in which the 

 poultry men gathered their eggs. The ro 

 suits of this lack of system is that sni 

 seventeen per cent, are either broken . 

 tran.sit or are bad and have to be thrown 

 out by the produce firms which handle them 

 before they are sold to customers. Tli 

 alone means a loss of about two million (i 

 lar a year to the egg prodiicons of Canada 

 This ln.ss is made good by the men who sell 

 good eggs as the dealers protect themselves 

 against loss by paying enough less so that 

 they will make a profit on the whole. Thus 

 the men who sell good eggs really provide 

 the money to pay the careless ones for their 

 bad eggs. 



Is it not about time that the poultry men 

 got together and decided on some plan 

 whereby they could place their product in 

 the hands of the consumers direct and save 

 this enormous loss. The man who lives near 

 a city or town can deliver his eggs two or 

 three times a week and guarantee them 

 absolutely fresh, and obtain the highest 

 price. There is always a market for first 

 quality eggs but there are so many low 

 grade eggs which null down the average 

 price paid to the producer. 



Again too many men get a share of the 

 profits. The local dealer buys the eggs 

 all at the same price and makes very little 

 inquiry with regard to the degree of fresh- 

 ness, the local dealer sells to the commis- 

 sion merchant, the commission merchant in 

 town sells to the small grocery store from 

 which the consumer is supplied. Thus the 

 consumer pays a great advance in most cases 

 ever what the poultry men receive yet due 

 to the number of hands that the eggs have 

 to pass through and the length of time 

 taken the quality is usually very poor. 



COOPER.\TION IN DENMARK 



The Danes are leaders in cooperation and 

 in that country the producers are grouped 

 together in what is known as cooperative 

 egg circles. They go so far as to grade eggs 

 with regard to color and size making it the 

 aim of their association to supply the con- 

 sumer with exactly what he wants and of 

 course charge him accordingly. The co- 

 operative handling of eggs has been success, 

 ful for years in Denmark. This system is 

 also working satisfactorilv in several com- 

 munities in Canada and the United States. 



CONDITIONS NECES8.\RY 



The host results for the fresh egg circles 

 are to be had where the circle is of such di. 

 mensions as will enable it to supply a cer- 

 tain number of eggs the whole year around. 

 Some of the conditions necessary if the egg 

 circle is to be a success are given below and 

 will be found just as important for a circle 



