The Canadian Horticulturist 263 



season for the growth and perfection of the berries. It can then be flooded 

 from time to time as may be necessary, to destroy insect pests, to irrigate the 

 soil, or to protect the vines in spring and fall from sudden frosts. During the 

 winter time the vines are covered with water for winter protection. You will 

 see from all this how important it is to have a good water supply from some 

 reservoir or mill stream. The next point of importance is a supply of coarse 

 sand, free from loam and other impurities, that will be accessible to the bog. 

 After the drains are completed, the bog is covered with five or six inches depth 

 of sand. The object in covering is to keep out all foul stuff. The vines are 

 set in several ways, usually in hills. The tools needed are, first, a marker, 

 second, a spud for making the holes, and third, a dibble for setting the vines. 

 The vines should be fresh and thrifty, and kept moist in water until planted. 

 The hills should not be less than eighteen inches apart each way, and the vines 

 will quickly send out shoots and runners to cover the ground. Careful cultiva- 

 tion must be given the first two years of growth, and in the third year there 

 should be a first-class crop of berries. The average yield is 150 bushels per 

 acre. In Massachusetts the water is drained off in the spring, about the 15th of 

 May, but care is necessary to protect from frost until the loth of June. The 

 green berries are very susceptible to frost, but become more hardy as the fruit 

 matures. Therefore, a frost early in September may be harmful, while the same 

 amount of cold two or three weeks later might have little effect. The picking 

 is done by hand, at a cost of 40 or 60 cents a bushel. The proper preparation 

 of a cranberry bog is said to cost about $2 an acre, but the yield gives a fair 

 return for the money invested. Should you require further information, we 

 might refer you to White's " Cranberry Culture." For vines you might inquire 

 of J. T. Lovett Co., Little Silver, N. J., U.S. 



The Scab— (FusicLADiuM Dentriticum). 



6*'S7. Sir, — The foliage of my apple trees is dropping off as if they had an over-dose 

 of Paris green, and they have had none. Would you consider it prudent to spray them 

 with Paris green, or would you advise me to take the chances of injury by the coldmg 

 moth. ' J. H. BiGGAR, Winona. 



The dropping of the leaves of your apple trees is no doubt the result of the 

 prevalence of the apple scab. The season of hot weather succeeding the very 

 wet weather has developed this fungus very rapidly in all orchards of southern 

 Ontario. In such orchards as have not been treated with the Bordeaux mixture, 

 the scab is likely to ruin this year's crop entirely. Possibly, if they were sprayed 

 immediately with Bordeaux mixture, the fungus could be checked, and the fruit, 

 might then become fairly presentable. You could add three or four ounces of 

 Paris green to every forty gallon of water containing Bordeaux mixture with 

 perfect safety, as the lime in the Bordeaux prevents any injury by the Paris green. 



