270 The Canadian Horticulturist. 



With this mixture the trees are whitewashed, and he claims that this will be a 

 perfect protection. 



Adjoining Mr. Hillborn's farm are two other fruit farms which we visited 

 with considerable interest. One of them belongs to Mr. John Mitchell, who 

 has about twenty-five acres in fruit, and about ten of these in peaches. The 

 variety which he has planted most largely is the Yellow Albridge. He has also 

 planted the Crawford, Tyhurst Seedling, and numerous other varieties. His 

 orchard is remarkable as an example of shortening-in. He heads his trees about 

 a foot and a half from the ground from the very first. He goes over his trees 

 every year, in the month of June, with his shears pruning off about one-half the 

 young growth. This applies to them the same principle that is often recom- 

 mended for pruning grapes, namely, pinching off the young shoots, leaving two 

 or three leaves beyond each bunch of grapes. In the same manner Mr. 

 Mitchell leaves two or three leaves beyond the last peach of each limb. His 

 trees are remarkably compact, no long straggling growth has ever been allowed, 

 and though many of them were eight or ten years planted, they did not spread 

 over more ground than many trees unpruned would do in half the time. He 

 finds this method more convenient in picking, besides the bearing wood is kept 

 in a dense head, and the tree lives to a much greater age. His apple orchard 

 was well cultivated, ane the trees beautifully formed. He is applying the same 

 method of shortening-in in his apple orchard that he does to the peach. 

 When taking us to visit his apple orchard, we drew his attention to the apple 

 scab which was beginning to affect the leaves and fruit. He was surprised, and 

 said that it had certainly appeared within the last few days. Upon further 

 inquiry in other parts of Ontario, we find that this fungus has suddenly 

 appeared between the loth and 20th of June, owing to the very hot weather 

 succeeding the wet season. In Mr. Mitchell's orchard the Ben Davis and 

 Greening apples are ruined with the scab, and are rapidly dropping to the 

 ground. Otherwise there would have been an unusually fine crop. Not only 

 were the apples falling to the ground in many orchards in Essex, but the leaves 

 also are suddenly turning black, all the result of this apple scab. Since return- 

 ing home, we have examined the apple orchards at Maplehurst, and found that 

 where the Bordeaux mixture has been faithfully applied, there is very httle scab 

 to be seen. No doubt the present season will be a clear proof of the benefit 

 and efificacy of copper sulphate in preventing this evil. 



We have frequently referred to the fine peach orchard belonging to Mr. E. 

 Tyhurst, of Leamington. We had the pleasure of calling upon this gentleman, 

 and have pleasure in saying that his orchards deserve all that has ever been 

 written about them. He has about seventy acres in peaches, and of these about 

 forty acres are planted with the Tyhurst Seedling which, judging from all 

 appearances, surpasses the Early Crawford as a market peach, both in value and 

 productiveness. He plants his peach trees ten feet apart in rows, and makes 

 his rows twenty feet apart, thus giving room for a wagon to pass down in gather- 

 ing. In addition to these, he has roadways here and there, and greater in width. 

 Probably no man in Canada has made more money out of peach growing than 

 has Mr. Tyhurst. 



