EASTERN RED DEER 41 



yellow, and a large amount of black on the shoulders, thighs, and under- 

 parts. The large and massive antlers are generally less complex than 

 those of the typical race, the number of points being seldom more than 

 eight on a side, and frequently only six ; while the bez-tine, which may 

 be wanting, is often shorter than the long and upwardly-curved brow- 

 tine, and the fourth tine is generally more distinct from the crown. 

 The average weight is given as about 560 Ibs. 



The typical locality of this race of red deer is the Caspian provinces 

 of Northern Persia, whence it extends into the Crimea, and probably 

 Asia Minor, and so on into Transcaucasia, the Caucasus, probably 

 Circassia, and the Galician Carpathians. The exact limits between 

 the range of this and the typical race are not yet determined ; and it 

 is noteworthy that specimens from the Caucasus have shorter faces 

 than those from Northern Persia, and thus approximate to the true 

 red deer. Sportsmen prefer to call this race the Hungarian red deer ; 

 this, however, is scarcely legitimate, as Hungary is not the typical 

 locality, and the deer from that country are not precisely similar to 

 the true Persian maral. Some naturalists might even be disposed to 

 give them a separate scientific name. 



Owner. 



H. R.H. the Duke of Saxe- 

 Coburg and Gotha. 



British Museum (Lord A. 

 Hay). 



St. George Littledale. 



Do. 



Do. 



British Museum. 

 F. E. Whittall. 

 S. H. Whitbread. 

 Grand Duke Mikhael. 

 Prince E. Demidoff. 

 The Maclaine of Lochbuie. 



Sir Edmund G. Loder, 



Bart. 

 Prince E. Demidoff. 



H. O. Whittall. 



