140 THE JERSEY, ALDERNEY AND GUERNSEY COW. 



considerable distance to and from pasture, and when 

 there should have to get her own living, or rather to 

 work for her own living, if it may be so expressed, by 

 the feed not beinof over-abundant. Where exercise 

 cannot be obtained, or where the cow is kept housed or 

 in a very small pasture, she must be prevented from 

 getting too fresh by a diminution of the feeding quali- 

 ties of her food. 



If the cow continues to give her full quantity of milk 

 up to a late period, there will be no danger at the time 

 of calving; but if she dries up too soon, she will get 

 too fresh to be healthy, and means must be taken to 

 diminish her condition, either by increasing her exercise 

 or diminishino^ her food. A lean cow can never come 

 to harm by calving, but a fat one labors much more; 

 and is liable to break the blood-vessels or to induce 

 prolapsus, frequently resulting in death. 



With heifers with their second calf care should be 

 taken that the system be not overtaxed, and they should 

 therefore be allowed to go dr)^ sooner than older cows. 



At no period of a cow being in calf should any putrid 

 or offensive matter (such as pig-tubs containing al] 

 manner of decayed refuse, or horse-flesh hanging up 

 for dogs, or dead animals in ditches or ponds) be within 

 her scent, for so delicate is the constitution of a cow in 

 this state that the mere smell of offensive effluvia is 

 sufficient to make her slip her calf: the same result 

 may be produced by her running in the same pasture 

 with a cow who has recently slipped her calf As the 



