PEEFACE. XI 



observations, making three copies in as many dif- 

 ferent hooks, entrusted to different negro porters, so 

 as to lessen the risk of loss of the whole. In our 

 disastrous retreat from Ashango-land one only of 

 these copies escaped being thrown into the bush, and 

 this was the original one in my journal, where the 

 entries were made from day to day ; but it is not 

 quite complete, as one volume out of five of my 

 journal was lost with nearly all the rest of my outfit. 

 On my return to England, the whole of these obser- 

 vations were submitted by the Council of the Royal 

 Geographical Society to Mr. Edwin Dunkin, the 

 Superintendent of the Altazimuth Department at 

 Greenwich Observatory, who computed them, and 

 furnished the results which are printed at the end of 

 this volume, and w^hich form the basis of the map of 

 my routes now given to the public. I have thought 

 it best to print also, without alteration, the original 

 observations for latitude, longitude, and heights in 

 the order in which they occur in my journal, and in- 

 cluding a few that were incorrect. By this means 

 cartographers will be able to see on how many sepa- 

 rate observations a result for latitude or longitude is 

 founded, and judge what degree of reliance may be 

 placed u|)on them. I think it would be better if 

 all travellers in new countries published in the 

 same way, at the end of their narratives, their ori- 

 ginal observations, instead of the computed results 

 solely, as is generally done. Adopted positions are 

 generally the mean of the results of several obser- 



