446 SKULLS OF WESTERN AFRICANS. App L 



in the former skull ; the surface — chiefly ex-occipital — 

 extending from the foramen magnum to the occipital 

 protuberance, as in the former skull, forms with the 

 plane of that foramen a less open angle than in most 

 European skulls ; the vertical extent of brain there 

 is less, and the occipital surface in question is not 

 pushed down so nearly to the level of the plane of 

 the foramen magnum. The occipital protuberance is 

 stronger in the present skull than in the former, but 

 the upper curved ridge extended from it sooner sub- 

 sides, and the lower curved line is less marked. 

 The foramen magnum is rather smaller ; the right 

 par-occipital tuber is more produced. The mastoid 

 processes are larger ; the supra-mastoid ridge is more 

 curved, and extended upwards; there is no post- 

 squamosal pit; the super-auditory ridges* are more 

 obtuse than in figs. 1 — 3. 



The lambdoid suture is feebly and irregularly cre- 

 nate along its upper or medial half, and becomes 

 crenulate at the lower half, resuming a linear simpli- 

 city near its junction with the mastoid. A forward 

 extension of the fore and upper angle of the squa- 

 mosal shows plainly that it divided the part of the 

 alisphenoid, which it overlies, from the parietal, on 

 both sides of the head, and the spheno-frontal suture 

 is shorter than in No. 24. The frontal sinuses make 

 no outward prominence, and the glabella is continued 

 by a gentle concave curve into the nasal part of the 

 skull's profile. The nasals are broader, shorter, and 

 less prominent than in No. 24. The malars are 



* These are seldom wanting, and are not to be confounded with tho 

 supra-mastoid ridges. 



