5 82 



THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 



The experiments of Longet and many others agree in supporting the view 

 that no stimulation of the cerebellar cortex leads to localized muscular con- 

 tractions. In other words, there is no localization in the cerebellar cortex as 

 in the cerebrum, the cerebellum apparently acting as a whole. If the cere- 

 bellum be removed, as was done by Flourens and numerous later physiologists, 

 a very profound disturbance in motor functions occurs. With the removal 



Cranial Nerve 

 Vestibular) 



FIG. 



>. Scheme of Principal Ascending Cerebro-spinal (black) and Cerebellar (red) 

 Conduction Paths. (Modified from Hardesty in Morris' Anatomy.) 



of the superficial layers of the cerebellum, in pigeons particularly, there is 

 increasing feebleness and lack of harmony of the muscles concerned in lo- 

 comotion. When the entire organ is cut away in pigeons they lose the power 

 of walking, flying, and of standing in the usual erect way. Their power of 

 preserving equilibrium is lost, the most characteristic feature. Birds do not 

 remain in a state of stupor, but attempt to carry out the usual muscular activi- 



