160 MORPHOLOGY AND LIFE HISTORY 



(b) Describe the mode of branching. 



(c) Are there any specialized (e.g., cone-bearing) 

 branches? 



(d) Is there a terminal bud? Lateral, or axillary 

 buds? 



3. The Roots. 



(a) Does the stem bear roots only 'at its posterior 

 end, or otherwise? Describe. 



(b) Briefly characterize the roots. 



4. The Leaves. 



(a) State their manner of distribution on the stem. 



(b) Describe an individual leaf. 



5. Make drawings as follows: (i) of a portion of the 

 stem, to show mode of branching, distribution of 

 leaves and roots, and other general features, natural 

 size; (2) a leaf (X 5). 



D. Asexual Reproduction: 



1. Vegetative Propagation. 



(a) Describe the method of propagation by the 

 annual apical growth of the stem. 



(b) Does the species you are studying in the 

 laboratory possess buds or bulbils that may 

 fall away, and develop into new plants? If so, 

 describe their distribution on the stem; their 

 relation to leaves, etc. 



2. Reproduction by Spores. 



(a) Describe the location of sporangia, especially 

 their relation to leaves. Are they borne in the 

 leaf -axils or on the leaf -surf ace? If the latter, 

 on which surface? What relation do they bear 

 to the leaf -base? Is there more than one 

 sporangium to each leaf? 



(b) Are there special sporophylls? If so, how do 

 they differ, in location and characteristics, 



