EXERCISE 59 

 WHAT ARE THE PRINCIPAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HARBORS AND WATERWAYS? 



Materials. Maps or charts of waterways or ports. 



Directions. Base this study upon maps or charts of the nearest port or waterwaj^ through 

 which the commerce of the local community passes. Excellent charts of navigable waters may be 

 obtained at nominal cost from the proper government authorities. Lists and prices of such charts 

 may be secured free as follows : 

 Coasts of United States 



United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, Washington, D.C. 

 Great Lakes 



United States Lake Survey Office, Detroit, Michigan. 

 Mississippi River 



Mississippi River Commission, St. Louis, Missouri. 



On such charts note depths, obstructions, channels, lights and lighthouses, buoys, fog signals, 

 wharves, and other facilities for safety and for loading and unloading. The conditions vary so 

 greatly that it must be left to the teacher to direct the detailed work. If the school is very remote 

 from water transportation, the exercise may be omitted. 



Additional problem. With, a leading product as a basis for discussion, as cotton, wheat, coal, iron, or 

 lumber, indicate the points to which the major part of the output is shipped and the chief routes of ship- 

 ment, and thus show the extent to which water enters into the transportation of this product. 



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