INDEX 



489 



N 



Natural selection with changed 

 and unchanged conditions, 

 103 

 and sterility, 173 

 overpowers etfects of use and 



disuse, 435 

 the most important agency in 

 modifying species, 444 

 Naturalist deceived by a mimicking 

 insect, 259 

 by mimicking birds, 264 

 Naudin, M., on varieties of melons, 



87 

 Nectarinea amethystina, protective 



colouring of, 201 

 Nestor notabilis, variation of habits 



of, 75 

 Nests of birds influence the colour of 



females, 278 

 New species, conditions favourable to 



origin of, 115 

 Newton, Professor A., on fertile hybrid 



ducks, 162 

 New Zealand, European plants in, 15 

 spread of white clover in, 28 

 effects of introduced plants in, 



29 

 native rat and fly exterminated 



by Euroi^ean species, 34 

 many plants of, incapable of 



self-fertilisation, 321 

 fauna of, 348 

 few spiny plants in, 433 

 Nocturnal animals, colours of, 193 

 Non-adaptive characters, instability 



of, 138 

 Normandy pigs, flesliy appendages to 



jaws of, 139 

 North America, Miocene fossils of, 378 

 Northern plants in southern hemi- 

 sphere, 368 

 Nostus Borbonicus, variability of, 80 

 Number of individuals which vary, 62 

 Nutmeg, how dispersed, 307 

 Nuts, not meant to be eaten, 305 



Oaks, great variability of, 78 

 Objections to Darwin's theory, 126 



Ocean floor, deposits on, 343 

 Oceanic animals, colours of, 193 

 and continental areas, 346 

 islands have no mammals or 

 batrachia, 342 

 Oceans, the permanence of, 341 

 Oildicnemus, figures of wings of, 223 

 Opthalmis lincea and Artaxa simulans 



(figs.), 247 



Orang-utans, variations of skull of, 

 69 



Orchideae, why scarce on oceanic 

 islands, 367 



Orchis pyramidalis, mode of fertilisa- 

 tion of, 314 

 figures illustrating fertilisation 

 of, 315 



Organic development, three stages of, 

 involving new cause or power, 

 474 

 world, the development of, im- 

 plies a spiritual world, 476 



Organisation, advance of, by natural 

 selection, 120 

 degradation in, 121 



Origin of species, objections, 7' 

 of accessory plumes, 291 



Orioles mimicking honeysuckers, 263 



Ornamental plumes and vitality, 293 



Pachtrhtnchi subjects of mimicry, 



261 

 Pampas, effects of drought in, 23 

 Papaver bracteatum, variability of, 



79 

 Papilio, use of forked tentacle of larvae 



of, 210 

 protected groups of, 235 

 mimicry of, 247 

 Paraguay, absence of wild cattle and 



horses, 19 

 Parnassia palustris, sham nectaries 



of, 317 

 Parrot, change of habits of New 



Zealand, 75 

 Parus, species of, illustrate divergence, 



of character, 107 

 Passenger - pigeon, account of its 



breediug-places and numbers, 



31 



