380 SYNOPSIS. 



fins dusky brown, the others pale orange-red Cuv. Reg. 



An. ; Tarr. Brit. Fish., i. p. 3.97. Cyprinus dobula, Linn. 



Sp. 107. L. ruti/us. The Roach. Dorsal immediately above 

 the ventrals ; body deep ; jaws equal ; scales large ; la- 

 teral line falling in a curve from the upper part of the 

 operculum below the middle, and then running straight 

 to the tail ; the latter forked. Fin-rays, D. 12 : P. 17 : 

 V. 9 : A. 13 : C. 19. Upper parts dark green with blue 

 reflections, belly silvery white, ventral and anal fins bright 

 red. Cuv. Reg. An. ; Yarr. Brit. Fish., i. p. 399. Cypri- 

 nus rutilus, Linn., Perm. Brit. Zool., iii. p. 482. Don. 

 Brit. Pish., pi. 67. 



Sp. 108. L. vulgaris. Dace. Commencement of the dorsal 

 rather in advance of the line of the pectorals ; form elon- 

 gated ; upper jaw longest ; mouth rather large ; scales 

 much smaller than in L. rutilus. Fin-rays, D. 9 : P. 16 : 

 V. 9 : A. 10 : C. 19. Upper parts dusky blue, sides paler, 

 belly white ; pectoral, ventral, and anal fins whitish, tinged 

 with pale red, the other fins pale brown. Cuv. Reg. An. ; 

 Yarr. Brit. Fish., i. 404. Cyprinus Leuciscus, Linn. Bloch, 

 p. iii. pi. 97 ; Don. Brit. Fish., pi. 77. 



Sp. 109. L. Lancastriensis. The Graining. Body elongated, 

 rather slender posteriorly ; dorsal fin commencing half 

 way between the point of the nose and the end of the 

 fleshy portion of the tail, and almost on a line with the 

 ventrals, the second ray longest ; caudal rays long and 

 deeply forked. Fin-rays, D. 9 : P. 17 : V. 10 : A. 11 : 

 C. 19. Upper parts pale drab-colour tinged with a mix- 

 ture of red and blue, cheek and gill- covers silvery, fins pale 

 yellowish white. Yarr. Linn. Trans., xvii. pt. i. p. 5 ; 

 Brit. Fish., i. p. 406. Cyprinus Lancastriensis, Shaw, Gen. 

 Zool., v. p. 234. 



Sp. 110. L. cephalus. The Chub. Body thick and rather 

 deep, snout broad and round, the upper jaw rather 

 longest ; commencement of the dorsal fin nearly on the 

 same plane as that of the ventrals, each of these fins with 

 ten rays ; anal and tail large, the latter forked. Fin-rays, 



