THE HUMAN SPECIES* 311 



best known still existing either entirely Germanized, 

 or only so in their personal appearance. In Scandi- 

 navia, they were miners from remote ages, wherever 

 the topography of the land gave assurance that ores 

 were beneath the surface. On the German side, fisher- 

 men, navigators, pirates, and merchants, collectively 

 known, in a subsequent period, as Venden, Vandals, 

 Vuidini, having every appearance of a consanguinity 

 with the Yeneti on the Adriatic, and exchanging, by 

 their means, amber and peltry with the nations of the 

 south, through the interior of Germany. The city 

 Wineta, on the west of the Isle of Usedom, in the 

 subsequently known kingdom of the Obotritse, but 

 now sunk beneath the sea, was the first and greatest 

 emporium of the north, having paved streets, temples, 

 it is said, with brazen gates, and a vast population of 

 strangers and nations of various origin forming the 

 citizens. Wineta, perhaps the typical Vana-land of 

 mythic sagas, was the parent community, whence 

 Arkona, Jomsberg and Jollin originated. It was the 

 most distant of the Venetic commercial establishments 

 others being at Venta Allobrogum, now Vienne, on 

 the Rhone ; Bienne, at the Vendoni Campi, near 

 Zurich; at Venda, now Augsburg; Vendobona, now 

 Vienna, on the Danube ; Vannes, on the Loire ; 

 Guines, near Calais, probably also at Gwent or Ven- 

 nemare, near Ghent ; at Vingium, now Bingen, on 

 the Rhine ; Venta Belgarum, now Winchester, and 

 Venta Icenorum, Caer Gwent. They extended even 

 to Ireland, where Ptolemy places the Prornontorium 



