SAUMAREZ. 197 



In 1809 Saumarez was sent in charge of the Baltic fleet. Napoleon had 

 been making trouble for England in the Baltic countries and Sweden had been 

 forced to declare war against England. Saumarez had here to play the diplomat. 

 He also brought pressure to bear on the countries which had submitted to Napo- 

 leon, by destroying their vessels for local commerce while protecting England's 

 trade to and from the Baltic. His wise and temperate conduct later brought 

 praise from a Swedish statesman. Retiring from the Baltic in 1812, Saumarez 

 returned to Guernsey, at the age of 55 years; was made a baron in 1831, and died 

 in 1836, in his eightieth year. 



Saumarez is classified by Mahan as primarily a fighter, one who would have done 

 as well on land as on the sea. Of his family it is said that many had distinguished 

 themselves in the naval service. Two others of the name were famous in war. 

 James Saumarez married Martha, daughter of Thomas le Marchant, of Guernsey, 

 and had 3 daughters; also 3 sons, of whom one was John, a colonel in the army. 

 James Saumarez had brothers: Philip, a lieutenant in the navy; John Thomas, 

 a general in the army, who fought throughout the American War of Independence; 

 Richard, a surgeon; and Nicholas, without issue. 



The father's father was Matthew, a colonel of the militia. A brother of 

 the father was Philip (1710-1747), who was made a captain in the Royal Navy 

 and fell while in command of the Nottingham in the naval battle off Brest, October 

 14, 1747, under command of Lord Hawke. Another brother, Thomas, was a 

 captain in the navy and as commander of the Antelope, 50 guns, captured the 

 Belliqueux of 64 guns, in the British channel. 



FAMILY HISTORY OF JAMES SAUMAREZ. 



II (F F), Matthew de Saumarez (born 1685), 

 of the island of Guernsey. 12 (F M), Anne 

 Durell, daughter of the bailiff of the island of 

 Jersey. 13 (M F), James le Marchant. 



Fraternity of F: II 1, John de Saumarez (1706- 

 1773), attorney general of Guernsey. II 3, Philip 

 Saumarez (1710-1747), was first lieutenant with 

 Anson in his voyage around the world and in the 

 expedition to the South Seas. He fell gloriously 

 commanding his ship in Lord Hawke's action off 

 Brest, October 1747. II 4, Thomas Saumarez (1720- 

 1764), was with Lord Anson in his expedition and 

 subsequently, when commander of the Antelope, captured a larger vessel in the British Chan- 

 nel. II 5 (F) Matthew Saumarez (1718-1778), was drowned in a passage to England. II 6 

 (M), Carteret le Marchant. II 7 (consort's F), Thomas Le Marchant, of Guernsey. 



Fraternity of Propositus: III 1, Philip Saumarez, a lieutenant of the Royal Navy. Ill 2, 

 John Saumarez (1755-1832). Ill 3, Thomas Saumarez, was a general in the British army; 

 in 1813 became commander in chief of New Brunswick. Ill 4, Richard Saumarez, a surgeon 

 of Surrey. Ill 5, Nicholas Saumarez. II 16, Anne, Charlotte, Mary, and Carteret Saumarez. 

 Ill 7 (Propositus), JAMES SAUMAREZ. Ill 8 (consort), Martha Le Marchant. 



Children of Propositus: IV 1, James Saumarez (1789-1863), rector of Huggate, County 

 York. IV 2, Thomas Saumarez (1803-1834). IV 3, John St. Vincent Saumarez (1806-1891), 

 a colonel in the army. IV 4, Mary, Martha, Carteret, and Amelia Saumarez. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY. 



BURKE, SIR B., and A. 1909. A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage and 



Baronetage. London: Harrison and Sons. 2570 pp. 

 MAHAN, A. 1901. Types of Naval Officers, drawn from the History of the British Navy. 



Boston: Little, Brown and Co., pp. 382-427. 



