THE MAGNOLIA WARBLER. 143 



The autumnal movement is less hurried than that of spring. At this 

 season the birds often gather in flocks of forty or more, and linger for weeks 

 in sunny, half-wooded pastures, or about the orchards. Here they spend 

 much time in the tall weeds, after the fashion of Goldfinches, hunting 

 for insects, indeed, but in lieu of them often accepting seed. Thus they will 

 occasionally tarry late into November, and do not fear the exposure resulting 

 from the falling leaves, since a yellow rump-spot is all that is left them of the 

 garish beauties of spring. 



Yellow-rumped Warblers are reported as wintering commonly in 

 southern Indiana, but Rev. W. F. Henninger did not find them in the lower 

 Scioto valley. Dr. Langdon of Cincinnati has records for March 4 and 

 November 29, and it is not improbable that they winter sparingly in the more 

 sheltered spots of the Ohio River counties. They are reported as abundant at 

 that season in Florida, where they subsist on the berries of the myrtle (Myrica 

 cerifera}, whence the name. 



No. 64. 



MAGNOLIA WARBLER. 



A. O. U. No. 657. Dendroica maculosa (Gmel.). 



Synonym. BLACK-AND- YELLOW WARBLER. 



Description. Adult male in spring : Crown and nape slaty blue ; back 

 deep black; black bands on the sides of the head meeting in front and connecting 

 with black of back; superciliary line, cut off by black in front of eye, white; a 

 white spot on under eyelid; rump bright yellow shading into back by yellow or 

 olive-green skirtings ; upper tail-coverts abruptly black ; wings and tail black 

 with narrow edgings of bluish gray; a large white blotch on wing, formed by 

 tips of middle, with tips and outer edges of greater, coverts ; tall- feathers, ex- 

 cept middle pair, with square white blotches on central third of inner web, below 

 rich lemon yellow, clear on throat and middle belly, heavily streaked with black 

 on jugulum, sides of breast, and sides, the streaks tending to become confluent in 

 two or three large stripes on sides of breast, and to form a black patch on lower 

 throat; crissum white; bill black; feet dark brown. Adult female in spring: 

 Like male but duller ; more olive-green on back ; wing-patch separated into two 

 bars by broader black centers of greater coverts ; less heavily streaked below. 

 Both sexes in autumn : Above olive-green ; grayish on head ; pale gray on throat ; 

 less heavily, or not at all, streaked below. Young : Ashy above with heavy olive 

 skirtings on back and nearly concealed black spots ; paler yellow below with less 



