30 THE AMERICAN FARMER. 



prizes to them as a distinct breed, although they are hardly yet entitled to the name of pure- 

 breds, as they have frequently been crossed with the Jersey and Ayrshire stock. The origin of 

 the &quot; Jamestowns,&quot; as near I can learn, is as follows: In 1847, Captain R. B. Forbes went to 

 Ireland as commander of the U. S. ship Jamestown, with a cargo of provisions for the 

 people who were suffering from the famine due to the failure of the potato crop. On his 

 return the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, wishing to confer a favor upon the commander, 

 made him a present of a . &quot; Suffolk &quot; heifer, which proved to be a remarkably deep milker, 

 giving in her flow twenty -six quarts, beer measure, of the richest milk. Captain Forbes sold 

 the heifer to John Marland, of Andover, Mass., giving the proceeds to the Irish charity 

 fund, and she was afterwards owned by John D. Bates, of Swampscott, and by a Mr. 

 Osborne, of Danvers. She had few heifer calves, and one owned by Wallace Thaxter, of 

 Boston, proved a superior dairy cow. Several of her bull calves were raised, and left their 

 impress upon the dairy stock in the vicinity of Boston. In 1854 this cow dropped a bull 

 calf which was secured by the late Dr. Eben Wight, of Dedham, and named &quot;Jamestown &quot; 

 after the noble ship that brought his mother to this country. He proved himself as remarka- 

 ble in his progeny as that of his kind on his mother s side. His sire was &quot; Beverly/ a 

 thoroughbred Jersey, out of &quot;Flora,&quot; by the &quot; First Prize Bull &quot; at the Royal Agricultural 

 Show in Jersey. &quot; Flora &quot; was imported by Mr. Thomas Motley, and proved a leading 

 representative of that popular dairy stock, having made sixteen pounds of butter per week. 



The &quot; Jamestowns &quot; are noted for their gentleness. When the bull &quot;Jamestown&quot; was 

 five years old, a boy of the same age could manage him with safety. The animals are very 

 hardy, are hearty feeders, and hold out in their milk, often through the entire year. My 

 own herd has been bred with more regard for quality than quantity of milk, and for several 

 years past has averaged 200 to 250 pounds of butter per cow. In extra favorable seasons, 

 the quantity has exceeded the above amount. As dairy cows, I presume the &quot;Jamestowns&quot; 

 may be excelled by the best families of pure Jerseys, but their large size, their ease of 

 fattening when dry, together with their excellent dispositions, make them the most desirable 

 dairy animals, in my estimation, that I have ever met. I can put my whole herd into a yard 

 so small that they can hardly turn around, and yet feel perfectly free from anxiety or fear of 

 injury to the animals. The bull I am now keeping, though past three years old, has never 

 worn a ring, is tied in the stall with cows, and is as easily and safely handled as a six week s 

 calf.&quot; 



Description of Galloways. The Galloway is a very compact, well proportioned 

 animal, as will be seen by the following description of the breed by Youatt: 



&quot; The Galloway cattle are straight and broad in the back, and nearly level from the head 

 to the rump. They are round in the ribs, and also between the shoulders and the ribs, and 

 the ribs and the loins. They are broad in the loin, without any large projecting hook bones. 

 In roundness of barrel, and fullness of ribs, they will compare with any breed, and also in the 

 proportion which the loins bear to the hook bones, or protuberances of the ribs. The Rev. 

 Mr. Smith, the author of the Survey of Galloway, says that, &amp;lt; when viewed from above, the 

 whole body appears beautifully rounded, like the longitudinal section of a roller. They are 

 long in the quarters and ribs, and deep in the chest, but not broad in the twist. The 

 slightest inspection will show that there is less space between the hook or hip bones and the 

 ribs, than in most other breeds, a consideration of much importance, for the advantage of 

 length of carcass consists in the animal being well ribbed home, or as little as possible lost 

 in the flank. 



They are short in the leg, and moderately fine in the shank bones, the happy medium 

 seems to be preserved in the leg, which secures hardihood and a disposition to fatten. With 

 the same cleanness and shortness of shank, there is no breed so large and muscular above 



