156 THE AMERICAN FARMER. 



bowels exists. Give also a moderate quantity of cut vegetables or apples. Where much 

 debility exists, the following tonic will prove beneficial, given in quantity of a tablespoonful 

 morning and night, mixed among slightly moistened oats: powdered sulphate of iron, four 

 ounces; and ten ounces each of gentian, ginger, and linseed meal mixed together. The 

 normal condition of cud-chewing will be re established only when the animal s condition is 

 considerably improved, the above treatment being intended to assist in resuming all the 

 natural functions. As this disease is frequently slow of development, the cure will also 

 sometimes require considerable time for a complete recovery. 



Malignant Sore Throat. This is an acute inflammation of the throat, accompanied 

 with swelling, which is apt to cause suffocation by pressure upon the lungs, being frequently 

 fatal in its results with cattle, horses, and swine. The flesh of cattle or swine affected with 

 this disease is very poisonous, producing a putrid state of the blood in those eating it. 

 The carcasses of all animals dying with it should be deeply buried, with as little handling as 

 possible. 



It generally commences like a common cold, accompanied with some fever, shivering, 

 and a cough; the throat swells enormously, the tongue sometimes protruding from the mouth, 

 and is covered with purple or black spots. The disease usually reaches its extreme height in 

 three or four days, the animal dying of suffocation. Early treatment of the proper kind 

 will sometimes effect a care. Apply the following liniment twice a day, well rubbed in 

 about the throat and neck: liquid of ammonia, one ounce; oil of turpentine, one ounce; 

 linseed oil. one ounce. In the same connection, inject well down the throat several times a 

 day a little of the following solution: one ounce of chlorate of potash, dissolved in one pint 

 of water. Warm poultices should be kept about the throat, such as those made of flax seed, 

 meal, or bran. These will induce suppuration, and also reduce the swelling. 



Mammitis. (See GARGET.) 



Mange. There are a variety of parasitic insects that are apt to infect cattle and all 

 domestic animals that are ill-fed, and kept in a filthy condition. These burrow in the skin 

 and produce intense itching, causing the animal thus affected to be rubbing against posts, 

 fences, the sides of the manger, or anything that can be conveniently used for that purpose. 

 In this way, as well as by personal contact, the disease is communicated through the herd. It 

 is generally brought on by a half-starved, filthy condition, and shows great neglect and 

 slovenliness in management. The treatment for this disease in cattle should be the same as 

 for mange in horses, which see. 



Milk Fever. (See PUERPERAL FEVER.) 

 Nephritis. (See INFLAMMATION OP THE KIDNEYS.) 



Ophthalmia. Cattle are subject to fewer diseases of the eye than horses, the most 

 common being inflammation of the lids from exposure to cold, the introduction of foreign 

 substances, or from external injuries, such as scratches from thorns, brush, blows from the 

 horns of other cattle, etc. The eye should be closely examined, and if there be any foreign 

 body there that is the cause of the inflammation, it should be removed, if possible, and the 

 eye bathed several times a day in luke-warm milk and water, half of each being used in 

 quantity. Sometimes the disease will result in a cataract, or the formation of a white film 

 over the eyeball, producing total or partial blindness. The bowels should be kept open with 

 mild purgatives. 



If there is any opacity, or the formation of a white film over the eye, apply directly to 

 it. morning and night, with a soft camel s hair brush, or feather, the following lotion: ten 

 grains nitrate of silver, one ounce of water, thoroughly mixed. This treatment should be con- 

 tinued until the white film is gone, it being gradually absorbed by the lotion. 



