406 



THE AMERICAN FARMER. 



to which is attached four cords corresponding to four outer holes in the corners of the truss, 

 to keep it in position. The two upper cords pass along either side of the spine, while the 

 two lower ones pass down between the hind legs, and along either side of the belly. When 

 secured in this way for a few days, the operation is generally attended with success, the parts 

 soon returning to their normal condition.&quot; 



The animal should be separated from the others and kept as quiet as possible for a few 

 days. It would also be a good plan, if possible, to place the patient in a narrow enclosure so 

 that it cannot turn round, and where the hind part of the body will be raised higher than 

 the fore part, which will lessen the tendency of the parts being again inverted. 



Itch. See MANGE. 



Lard Worm, etc. The internal parasites of hogs are numerous, the most common 

 being those which produce the measles and trichinae, the lard worm (Stephanurus dentatus), 

 and the kidney worm (Eustrongylus gigas). The lard worm is from one to three-fourths of 

 an inch long, and about one-thirteenth of an inch broad. It is found in nearly all portions of 

 the body, but more frequently in the liver, the fat about the ribs, heart, and air passages. 



The kidney worm is found in the kidneys, upon which it lives until the 

 whole is eaten, when it eats its way through into the intestinal cavity, causing 

 death from nervous prostration and inflammation. This worm is sometimes 

 found in the intestines, and grows from one to three feet in length, and from 

 a quarter to a half inch in diameter. But little can be done by way of treat 

 ment for these parasites, and the animal had better be killed at once, to avoid 

 all danger of extending the difficulty to others of the herd. 



Lice. It is much better to avoid these insect pests, and so save the 

 trouble of exterminating them. Sulphur or Scotch snuff, mixed with lard, 

 also tobacco water, are very effectual remedies. A common insect powder, 

 pyrethrum. can be obtained of any responsible druggist, and if properly 



STEPHANtJKUS ,.,.,,, J 



applied, will soon destroy them. Carbolic acid, mixed with three times the 



quantity of water, is also very effectual. 



Another very simple remedy is to give the pigs a thorough washing 

 with soft soap and warm water. It must, however, be remembered that 

 the nits will hatch in from twelve to fourteen days, so that whatever be 

 the remedy that is used, there must be a second application, in order to 

 make the success complete. It is found also that if the cause of lice be 

 not removed, all remedies will fail. Old bedding and manure must be 

 all taken away, and the floors of the pens and feeding troughs must be 

 thoroughly scalded with hot water, and the walls, fences, posts, and 

 other objects against which the hogs lean or rub themselves should have 

 one or two coats of whitewash, or be washed with crude petroleum, or 

 kerosene oil. 



Once in five or six weeks, during hot weather, it would be well to 

 go over the entire pen with a mixture of kerosene in hot water, using 

 an old whitewash brush for the walls, and a broom for sprinkling the 

 floors well. Prevention is, however, much the easiest and best, and if 

 the rules that govern health are observed, there will be no danger of 

 trouble with skin parasites of any kind. 



Malignant Epizootic Catarrh. This disease is generally brought on by a severe 

 cold, although it is frequently generated and developed with great rapidity by filthy and ill- 

 ventilated pens. The symptoms are a feverish condition, difficulty in breathing, panting, and 

 hoarse cough. The head will droop, there will be a constipated condition of the bowels 



DENTATUS 

 OR LARD 



WORM. 



o, Male, d, Female. 

 c, Head, magnified. 



HAEMATOPINUS. 



Blood-sucking louse of 



the pig. 



