GARDENING. 875 



or June, and the plants set further apart than for the early crop, the distance being two and 

 a half by three feet. At the South they may be set in the fall. Producing cabbage on the 

 same soil for two or more successive years is not to be recommended, since no plant requires 

 a change more frequently than this. The disease known as &quot; clump root&quot; is supposed to be in 

 a great measure due to exhaustion of soil from repeated planting of this crop. Two or three 

 years should intervene between cabbages occupying the same piece of land. The plants should 

 not crowd each other in the seed bed, and should have ample room for growth in the hills or 

 rows. The ground should be kept loose by the frequent use of the hoe or cultivator, and 

 when the plants are fully half grown, the soil should bo stirred deep, and hilled up around 

 the stalks. Stable manure that has been well fermented should be used, also bone dust, 

 guano, and salt. The latter applied just before the plants commence heading, will make 

 them head up more compactly. Hog manure is generally regarded as objectionable for use 

 in the cultivation of this crop. The cuts of the different varieties of the cabbage which we 

 insert, also of other vegetables in this department, were copied by permission from the 

 catalogue of W. F. Dreer of Philadelphia, Pa., and represent some of the leading varieties 

 at present cultivated. Pyrethrum powder dusted over the cabbages will destroy the cabbage 

 worm, and drive away the flea-beetle. It should be mixed with wheat flour in the proportion 

 of one part of Pyrethrum to four parts flour, and be lightly dusted over the plants. 



Carrots. The garden cultivation of carrots is substantially the same as that 

 recommended for the field, which has already been given in connection with ROOTS AND 

 ESCULENT TUBERS, Vol. I. 



Cauliflower. This is a variety of cabbage which differs from the other varieties of 

 its species, the parts eaten being the flower buds and stalks which form a compact mass or 

 head. It is a delicious vegetable, and should be more frequently cultivated in the farm 

 garden than it is at present. For sowing the seed and transplanting the same directions are 

 recommended as for cabbage. It requires a deep rich soil, and an abundance of moisture in 

 order to be grown in perfection. During a dry season, it will require watering artificially. 

 Careful cultivation should be given, such as frequent and vigorous stirring of the soil, and a 

 liberal supply of rich liquid manure in order to keep up a continuous and rapid growth. The 

 blanching of the heads will be facilitated if the leaves are gathered loosely together and tied 

 over the top of the head after they are fully grown. There are several varieties in cultivation, 

 among those most early are the EARLY DUTCH, ERFURT EARLY DWARF, EARLY PARIS, EARLY 

 SNOWBALL, and EARLY LONDON; the later varieties, the ALGIERS, IMPERIAL, NONPAREIL, 

 VEITCH S AUTUMN GIANT, and the WALCHEREN. 



Celery. This is a most delicious salad, and is as healthful as it is palatable, it being 

 regarded as excellent for strengthening the nerves. With a little extra care and labor this 

 luxury might be supplied to every farmer s table. The seeds are frequently started in a hot 

 bed, especially for the early crops, the plants to be transplanted as soon as they will bear 

 handling, which is when they are from six to eight inches high. When started in the open 

 land, a sheltered place should be selected. Two methods of transplanting are practiced, viz.: 

 that of setting the plants upon the surface like other vegetables, and the far better one of 

 planting in trenches. By the latter method, the trenches are dug a foot and a half deep, and 

 about a foot wide, and the bottom filled six or eight inches in depth with manure that has 

 been well fermented. 



This should be covered with soil to the depth of about three inches, which should be 

 mixed with the manure and pressed or trodden down slightly to render it more compact, after 

 which there should be two or three inches of fine soil added in which to set the plants. The 

 soil should be very rich and deep, and the plants, after being carefully taken from the seed 

 bed, and having the suckers removed, should be planted in rows from six to eight inches 



