MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS. 



1005 



tree required to hew a stick or timber of any given number of inches square, divide the given 

 side of the square by .225. and the quotient is the circumference required. Round timber, 

 when squared, loses one-fifth. To measure round timber take the girth in inches at both the 

 large and small ends, add them, and divide by 2, which gives the mean girth ; then multiply 

 the length in feet by the square of one-fourth of the mean girth, and the quotient will be 

 the contents in cubic feet. This rule is commonly adopted, and gives four-fifths of the true 

 contents, one-fifth being allowed to the purchaser for waste in sawing. 



To Measure Inch Boards. Multiply the length in feet by the width in inches, and 

 divide the product by 12. The quotient will be the contents in feet. For lumber 1 inches 

 thick, add \ to the quotient. If 1| inches thick, add \. If If inches thick, add f. If 2 

 inches thick, divide by 6 instead of by 12. If 2 inches&quot; thick, add to the quotient, and so 

 on. If 3 inches thick, divide by 4. If 4 inches thick, divide by 3. If 6 inches thick, divide 

 by 2. To ascertain the contents (broad measure) of timber, multiply the width in inches by 

 the thickness in inches, and that by the length in feet, and divide the product by 12. The 

 result will be the number of feet. To ascertain how many feet of lumber can be sawed from 

 a log, from the diameter of the log in inches substract 4; one-fourth the remainder squared 

 and multiplied by the length of the log in feet will give the correct amount of lumber that 

 can be sawed from the log. 



MEASURES OF AN ACRE PLOT. 



3 by 53 1-8 rods. 



4 by 40 



5 by 32 



6 by 26 2-3 &quot; 



7 by 22 6-7 &quot; 



Either of the following measures include about an acre plot : 



8 by 20 rods. 



9 by 17 7-8 &quot; 



10 by 16 



11 by 14 6-11 &quot; 



12 by 13 1-3 &quot; 



12 rods 10 feet and 8J inches square make an acre. 



To Measure Grain in Bins. Multiply the length of the bin in inches by the width 

 in inches, and that by the height in inches, and divide by 2150 for struck bushels, and by 

 2748 for heaped bushels. The quotient will be the number of bushels contained in the bin. 



To Compute the Weight of Cattle. Multiply the girth in inches, immediately 

 back of the shoulders, by the length in inches from the square of the buttock to the point of 

 the shoulder blade, and divide the product by 144, which will give the number of superficial 

 feet. If the animal has a girth of from 3 to 5 feet, multiply the number of superficial feet by 

 16, which will give the weight of the animal. If the girth is from 5 to 7 feet, multiply by 

 23, and if from 7 to 9 feet, multiply by 31. If less than 3 feet girth, as in the case of small 

 calves, hogs, sheep, etc, multiply by 11. Of course many circumstances, such as the build 

 of the animal, mode of fattening, condition, breed, etc., will influence the weight, but the 

 above will be found approximately correct. 



Weight of a Bushel of Produce. The number of pounds in a bushel of the 

 various articles of produce varies somewhat in the different States. The majority, however, 

 have adopted the following: 



Ibs 



Apples (dried), 



Barley, 



Buckwheat, 



Beans, 



Beans (castor), 



Coal (mineral), 



Charcoal (hard wood), 



Flax seed, 



Grass seed (blue),* 



Grass seed (clover), 



Grass seed (timothy), 



Hemp seed, 



2S 

 4:! 

 42 

 60 

 46 

 80 

 30 

 50 

 14 

 60 

 45 

 44 



Indian corn, 



&quot; (in ear), 



&quot; &quot; (meal), 



Oats, 



Onions, 



Peaches (dried), 

 Pease, 

 Potatoes, 

 Rye, 



Rye (meal), 

 Salt, 

 Wheat, . 



Ibs. 

 56 

 68 

 50 

 82 

 57 

 28 

 60 

 60 

 56 

 50 

 50 

 60 



Rules for Computing Interest, giving Convenient Formula, Rules, and 

 Tahles for Computing Interest. The rate per cent, differs in some States from that of 

 others. For complete list of such rates per cent., compiled from authorized sources, see 

 page 930. 



CONVENIENT FORMULAS. 



Principal -j- rate % = interest for one year. 



Principal -f- rate $ -4- time, (in years and decimals of a year) = interest for such time. 



