NO. I ARCHEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS FEVVKES 15 



and the same taboo is now probably universal: consequently walls 

 constructed 40 feet above the top of the kiva, showing evidence of 

 rooms superposed in stories, are exceptional. The object of rooms 

 above a kiva can only be surmised; possibly there may have been 

 four kivas, one above another, to represent the underworlds in which 

 the ancestors of the human race lived in succession before emerging 

 into that in which we now dwell. The inner walls of this kiva are 

 shown in plate 5, a. It was evident to the author when examining 

 the inner wall of the superposed room, above that identified as the 

 kiva, that it belonged to a room with a roof, as appears also from 

 the view here given (pi. 5, a). Whatever explanation of this excep 

 tional condition may be suggested, we cannot question the fact that 

 here we have remains of a kiva below one or more other rooms. 1 



A well blazed trail passes the ruin and is lost in the distant hills. 

 This trail was at first mistaken for an irrigation ditch, but an examina 

 tion of its course shows that it runs up a steep hill, which precludes 

 such a theory. It is a section of an old Indian trail, indications of 

 which occur elsewhere in the State, a pathway over which the rocks 

 used in the construction of the ruins were transported. A similar 

 trail used for a like purpose is recorded near the great ruin at Aztec, 

 New Mexico. 



RUIN B NEAR CROWN POINT 



Ruin B (pi. 6, a, b), largely made up of a kiva of circular form 

 within a rectangular enclosure, lies near Crown Point on top of a 

 low plateau, back from the edge. Its name is unknown to the author, 

 but from its size and the character of its masonry it must formerly 

 have been of considerable importance. It was not, like Kin-a-a, 

 included in the President s proclamation making the Chaco Canyon 

 ruins a National Monument. The appearance of the masonry and the 

 structure of the circular room, identified as a kiva, leads the author to 

 place it in the same class as the Chaco ruins, its nearest neighbor 

 being Kin-a-a, east of Crown Point. The excavation of this ruin 

 might shed instructive light on the extension or migration of the 

 inhabitants of the Chaco, after they left their homes in that canyon. 



A ground plan of this ruin (fig. 6) shows that the standing walls 

 are rectangular and practically surround a circular room or kiva. 



1 A two or three storied kiva like that of the Crown Point ruin is mentioned 

 by Jackson in his description of Chettro Kettle ruin of the Chaco group, and 

 is one of those features possibly existing in the tower kivas which are now 

 extinct. 



