OR ANIMALS WITH BLOOD. 233 



Pares.* This is a good instance of the apparent persistence 

 of popular names. 



The information given by Aristotle about the rest of his 

 Selache is but slight, but his Lamia was probably a large 

 species of shark, and his Zygaina was almost certainly the 

 hammer-headed shark. 



In the following table are given many of the remaining 

 fishes mentioned by Aristotle which can be fairly well 

 identified. The name of each fish is followed by the name 

 of the species or genus which seems to be particularly 

 meant, for it should be remembered that some of the names 

 used by Aristotle denoted more than one species, or, in some 

 cases, more than one genus. 



Amia (Pelamys sarda) Kyprinos (Cyprinus) 



Atherine (Atherina) Labrax (Morone labrax) 



Belone (Syngnathus acus) Muraina (Murcena Helena) 



Ghelidon (Exoc&tus) Phagros (Pagrus vulgaris) 



Chrysophrys (Pagrus auratus) Perke (Perca flumatilis) 



Enchelus (AnguUla vulgaris) Skaros (Scar us Cretensis) 



Glanis (Parasilurus aristotelis) Thynnos (Thynnus) 



Gongros (Conger vulgaris) Trigle (Mullus barbatus) 



Kallionymos ( Uranoscopus scaber) Xiphias (Xipliias gladius) 

 Kestreus (Mugil capita) 



Eleven fishes, some of which are mentioned above, are of 

 more than ordinary interest in connection with Aristotle s 

 researches on fishes. The eleven fishes referred to are 

 Amia, Belone, Channe, Erythrinos, Glanis, Kallionymos, 

 Kyprinos, Perke, Phykis, Psetta, and Skaros. 



According to Aristotle, Amia has strong teeth, t and a 

 long gall-bladder extending in a zigzag course along the 

 whole of its intestine. 1 These statements are sufficient to 

 identify Amia with one of the bonitos, especially the 

 pelamid, Pelamys sarda, Cuv. & Val. Kondelet was the 

 first to identify Amia satisfactorily. His drawing repre 

 sents it as a scombroid with numerous sharp teeth and nine 

 pairs of bands running obliquely forwards and downwards 

 on the sides of its body. Compared with the specimens in 

 spirits to be seen at the Natural History Museum, South 

 Kensington, or with the excellent coloured drawing of 

 P. sarda, opposite p. 162 of vol. viii. of Cuvier and 

 Valenciennes Hist. Nat. des Poiss., Kondelet s drawing, 



* Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. of Philadelphia, 1892, p. 240. 



f H. A. ix. c. 25, s. 5. J H. A. ii. c. 11, s. 7; P. A. iv. c. 2, 6766. 



De Pise. Marin. 1554, p. 238. 



