232 NOTES ON ARMORIAL HORSE TRAPPINGS. 



and that of five enamellers then settled in Paris, one is 

 entered as " Richardin I'esmailleur, de Londres." 



(Translation of Sloane MS., 1754, /. 231.) 



" To make enamel. Enamel is thus made : take lead, and 

 melt it, continually taking off the pellicle which floats on 

 the surface, until the whole of the lead is wasted away ; of 

 which take one part, and of the powder hereafter mentioned, 

 as much ; and this is the said powder : take small white 

 pebbles which are found in streams, and pound them into 

 most subtle powder ; and if you wish to have yellow enamel, 

 add oil of filberts and stir with a hazel rod ; for green, add 

 filings of copper, or verdigris ; for red, add filings of latten 

 with calamine ; for blue, good azure or saffre, of which 

 glaziers make blue glass. In the same MS., f. 234, " pro 

 azuro faciendo," the chief ingredient is " lapides lazuli, i.e. 

 lapis minere." The mention of " saffre," if by that term 

 may be understood zaffre, or cobalt, deserves especial notice ; 

 but some writers suppose that the sapphire of the ancients 

 was our lapis-lazuli. 



They were used in various ways ; attached to horses^ 

 head ornaments, singly or in rows, hung on from their 

 peytrels, or chest bands, bridles (fig. 6), and otherwise, and 

 sometimes placed in the centre of the frontal, as in the fine 

 Arundel example from Sir J. C. Robinson's collection (fig. 5). 



Occasionally they were suspended by heralds from their 

 person, or used as a badge by messengers or retainers, 

 analogous to those carried by King's Messengers recently. 

 A sepulchral figure of a Knight at Zurich, date c., 1400, can 

 be seen wearing a small armorial shield on his camail, and on 

 the mantles of Sir Roger de Bois and his lady, of about a 

 century earlier, given in Stothard, may be seen a circular 

 badge bearing the Tau cross of St. Anthony with uncial 

 letters over. 



I would now direct your attention to some examples lent 

 me by Sir J. C. Robinson, C.B., &c., and reproduced in 

 colou" The large circular plaque (fig. 5) with shield of 



