20 PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. 



ochre. In some cases the paintings are on the roof of the 

 cave and must have been done by artificial light, in further 

 evidence of which stone lamps have been found. The 

 discovery of five money cowries, pierced for stringing, in an 

 ancient burial mound on the Tennessee River in Alabama, 

 has given rise to much speculation as to their origin, the 

 placing them in graves being an old-world custom and the 

 shells themselves being confined to the old-world hemisphere. 

 It has been suggested that the mound is later than the date 

 of the discovery of America by Columbus, in which case no 

 difficulty presents itself, but this seems uncertain. The 

 report of the Yale University expedition to Peru has lately 

 been published, and describes the wonderful remains which 

 have been found in the burial mounds and caves. Most of 

 the mummies were placed in a contracted sitting position. 

 The pottery, imitating many natural objects in shape, is 

 well known, but the textiles of similar date, perhaps somewhat 

 before the commencement of our era, are less familiar. These 

 rival the Coptic cloths in colours and manufacture, and are 

 found in the greatest variety. They are made of llama's wool 

 and of vegetable fibre, just as the early Coptic cloths of a little 

 later date are made of wool and flax. The absence of any 

 kind of writing amongst the Peruvian remains makes it 

 diificult to decide the date with any accuracy. The massive 

 and splendid buildings of early Peruvian times are also 

 described. Terrace cultivation and irrigation were carried 

 out on an extensive scale in Peru in the Inca period. 



GENERAL. 



The advantages which Germany has gained in the present 

 war through attention to science and scientific research, 

 and the importance which these subjects have attained 

 amongst us in connection both with the war and industrial 

 matters, have led to the foundation by the Government of a 

 department of Scientific and Industrial Research for Great 



