VI. METALLURGY. 543 



2759. Two Portfolios, containing diagrams referring to 

 wine analysis, microscopical research, the laboratory fittings for 

 fermentation, &c., at the experimental station. 



Professor Dr. Leonard Roesler, Klosterneuburg. 



2760. Soil Thermometer of peculiar construction. 



Professor Dr. Leonard Roesler, Klosterneuburg. 



2760a. Ebullioscope, for weighing alcohol in wines, Vidal's 

 system, improved. M. Malligand fils, Paris. 



The improved Ebullioscope of M. Malligand fils, is an instrument for 

 ascertaining easily and correctly, in a few moments, without distillling, and 

 merely by ebullition, the quantity of alcohol contained in dry or sweet wines. 

 It is now used by the Syndical Chamber of the Wine Trade of Paris, who 

 have found the Ebullioscope to be the most practical and most correct instru- 

 ment of all those used hitherto for ascertaining the alcoholic properties of 

 Wines. (Sittings of 7th July and 6th October 1874.) 



Declared by the Institute of France to he the best process known hitherto 

 for weighing alcohol in wines. (Report of the Academy of Science, vol. 80, 

 No. 17. Sittings of 3rd May 1875.) 



VL -METALLURGY. 



2761. Chart with Photographs of an Assay-Balance for 

 Buttons of a Weighing-out Assay-Balance and of a Blow- 

 ing Apparatus. C. Osterland, Freiberg, Saxony. 



The balances represented by the photographs have the columnar lifting 

 apparatus constructed by the exhibitor, which not only allows of the beam 

 being raised from the outside, but which renders the displacement of so light 

 a beam impossible. Assay balances of this kind have been made by the 

 exhibitor, which weigh to the 20th or 40th of a milligramme. 



2762. Improved Furnace for Fuddling Iron. 



Jeremiah Head, M.I. C.E. 



The object is to utilize a portion of the waste heat which ordinarily is 

 discharged from the chimney, by causing it to heat air to be afterwards sup- 

 plied for the combustion of the fuel. Part of the chimney is enlarged into a 

 chamber, having a vertical partition extending nearly to the top. One half of 

 the chamber thus divided contains a cast-iron stove pipe, and the other half is 

 provided with a damper. 



When the damper is withdrawn the heated products of combustion take 

 the nearest route to the chimney, but when it is closed they are obliged to 

 pass by the more circuitous route, heating the stove pipe on the way. 



The air for combustion is injected, by means of a steam jet, into a funnel 

 connected with one side of a divided box, upon which the stove pipe stands. 

 Moistened with the steam it becomes a powerful absorber and radiator of 

 heat. It passes through the heated stove pipe, and afterwards through the 

 back of the furnace into a closed ash-pit, and a portion through tuyeres into 

 the space above the fuel. 



It has then attained a temperature of about 650 deg. Fahr. The con- 

 sumption of coal of this furnace has averaged 12 cwt. 2 qrs. 11 Ibs. per ton of 



