CONTENTS 



PAGE 



1 



PART I MORPHOLOGY 



I. THE CELL 11 



Definition of the Cell Historical Protoplasm Nucleus 

 Cell Wall Cell Contents Properties of Protoplasm 

 Cell Growth and Division What is a Plant? 



II. ELEMENTARY TISSUES 22 



Variations in Cells Tissues: Parenchyma, Collenchyma, 

 Sclerenchyma, Prosenchyma, Bast Fibers, Wood Fibers, 

 Tracheary Tubes, Tracheids, Sieve Cells, Laticiferous 

 Cells Systems: Fundamental, Epidermal, Fibro- vascular, 

 Ground Organs. 



III. STEMS, BULBS AND BUDS 31 



Types of Stems Bulbs Buds Formation of Buds 

 Structure of Stems Growth of Stems Annual Rings 

 Medullary Ray Cork Cambium Heart and Sap Wood 

 Growth of the Monocotyledonous Stem Functions of 

 Stems. 



IT. ROOTS 58 



Types of Roots Functions of Roots Structure of Roots 

 Absorption Distribution of Roots. 



V. LEAVES 70 



Parts of the Leaf Types of Leaves Stipules Functions 

 of Leaves Arrangement of Leaves Structure of the Leaf. 



VI. FLOWERS 82 



Parts of the Flower Modification of the Flower Inflo- 

 rescence Types of Flowers. 



VII. PLANT REPRODUCTION 92 



Sexual Reproduction Pollination Methods of Pollina- 

 tion Fertilization Ovules Formation of the Seed 

 Secondary Effects of Pollination and Fertilization Par- 

 thenogenesis and Polyembryony Non-sexual Reproduc- 

 tion Grafting Budding Variations Mutations 



Plant Breeding. 



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