332 



COLLEGE BOTANY 



flowers in clusters, spikes or catkins ; fruit a one-seeded nut, 

 with or without involucre. 



This family includes the hazelnuts and filberts (Corylus}, 

 the iron woods (Ostrya virginiana and Carpinus carol in in na\ 

 many species of birch (Betula}, and alders (Alnus). 



FAGACE^E. Trees or shrubs ; simple, alternate leaves with 

 deciduous leaves ; staminate flowers in catkins or capitate clus- 



(Fio. 167. Pecan nuts showing one of the many forms grown for market. (U. S. D. A. 



ters ; pistillate flowers solitary or slightly clustered ; fruit a one- 

 seeded nut, partly or completely enclosed in an involucre. 



This family includes the beech (Fagus ferruginea), the chest- 

 nut (Castanea dentata (Fig. 168) and C. pumulct) and a very 

 large number of species of oaks ( Quercus} . Most of these plants 

 are highly valued for their woods; the beech and chestnuts for 

 their nuts ; and the oaks for their acorns. 



URTICACE^E (Nettle Family). Trees, shrubs and herbs; 

 leaves alternate and stipulate; inflorescence axillary; flowers 



