370 



COLLEGE BOTANY 



The celery (Apium graveolens) was known and used by the 

 ancients; the anise (PimpinelU anisum] was known by the 

 ancients and is grown for the oil which is extracted from the 

 seeds and used in medicine ; the parsnip (Peucedanum pastinaca, 

 or Pasiinaca sativa) is a well-known food plant which originated 

 in Europe; the carrot (Daucus carota var. sativa) (Figs. 212, 

 213), is another well-known food plant that was cultivated by 

 the ancients; and the parsley (Carum peiroselium} is another 

 well-known food plant which, has been used in Europe and Asia. 



CORNACEJE (Dogwood Family). 

 Shrubs or trees (rarely herbs) ; 

 flowers clustered (rarely solitary), 

 perfect or imperfect; fruit a -two- 

 seeded drupe. This family is repre- 

 sented by several species of dogwood 

 (Cornus} which are prized as orna- 

 mentals and two species of sour gum 

 trees (Nyssci). 



CAPRIFOLIACEJE (Honeysuckle 

 Family). Shrubs (rarely herbs) ; 

 gamopetalous, perfect flowers ; fruit 

 FIG. 212. wild carrot blossoms. The a berry, drupe or pod ; leaves oppo- 



umbel type of inflorescence. 



site. This family includes many 



very common and well-known plants, such as the elder (8am- 

 bucus), snowball (Viburnum} and honeysuckles (Lonicera). 



ERICACEAE (Heath Family). Herbs or shrubs; flowers per- 

 fect, regular or nearly so; calyx four- or five-lobed and adnate 

 to the ovary ; corolla four- or five-lobed and free ; stamens eight 

 or ten; ovary many-chambered; fruit a capsule, more rarely a 

 berry. A very large and much diversified family. It includes the 

 huckleberry (Gaylussacia) , the blueberries and cranberries. 



