Ill 



above experiments. The sulphate, the chloride and the 

 nitrate had in this case almost the same effect: when 

 1 cc. normal solution was added to a mixture of 0,5 cc. 

 0,2 n ammonia with 10 cc. blood (2,5% in cane-sugar 

 solution) the velocity of reaction was decreased to about 

 Y 3 , and by the addition of 0,25 cc. normal solution it 

 was only b / 10 of the velocity it reached, when salts were 

 absent. In this case the increasing effect of the salts 

 was not able to outway the decreasing effect of am- 

 monia salts upon the degree of dissociation of the com- 

 bination of ammonia with red blood corpuscles. 



The proteids have quite another effect. This appears 

 most plainly in the action of egg-albumen upon tetano- 

 lysin. We have seen that this action is, roughly speak- 

 ing, proportionate to the proteids added, up to a certain 

 point, and then becomes almost stationary, in spite of 

 further additions of proteids; it is therefore probable 

 that in this case a rather strong combination takes place. 

 These experiments suggest, that a combination is form- 

 ed between tetanolysin and proteid, which retains the 

 properties of tetanolysin, although to a less extent. It 

 follows that the haemolytic effect of the lysin is decrea- 

 sed, this being especially the case with higher concen- 

 trations. 



The normal serum has a precisely similar effect upon 

 tetanolysin. But to this effect is added another proper- 

 ty of the normal serum, which is evident in higher 

 concentrations and seems to correspond to the action 

 of antitoxin upon toxin. As will be shown in the follo- 

 wing, this process must be considered as probably a 

 phenomenon of neutralisation. 



According to this, the action of albumen and serum 

 upon sodium hydrate and ammonia may be explained 

 as follows: sodium hydrate or ammonia is added to 



54 



