EPEIRA. 



233 



The brain over the pharynx supplies the eyes and antennce. A 

 nerve-ring round the oesophagus unites it with the ventral nerve-chain. 

 The two cords of this chain are widely apart and are connected by cross 

 strands. At the hind end they communicate over the intestine. There 

 are nineteen pairs of ganglia upon the cords, supplying the jaws, oral 

 papillos and the seventeen pairs of legs. There are seventeen pairs of 

 nephridia (and the pair of salivary glands belonging to the segment of 

 the oral papillae). Each has a bladder or vesicle, leading to the exterior 

 at the inner base of the leg, a coiled excretory portion and an internal 

 nephrostome which opens into a small closed coelomic space. 



Peripatiis breathes by tracheae opening to the exterior by stig7nata. 

 Their arrangement is indefinite, though some are arranged in rows. 



The sexes are separate. The male organs are a pair of testes lying 

 over the stomach, leading to the genital pore by paired vasa deferentia. 

 The ovary is unpaired and leads to the exterior by paired oviducts 

 which are swollen to form uteri. The development takes place in the 

 uterus, hence Peripntus Capensis is viviparous. 



IV.— EPEIRA. 



Phylum - 



Sub-Phylum 



Class 



Annulata (p. 237). 

 Arthropoda (p. 240). 

 Arachnida (p. 258). 



Fig. 154. — A Common Garden Spider 



(Epeira diadeniata). 



Resting in the centre of its web. Dorsal aspect and about 

 natural size. 



Note the four pairs of legs, the small leg-like pedipalpi, 

 the cephalothorax and the large soft abdomen with white 

 marks and dots. 



Epeira diademata is one of the commonest of our British 

 spiders. The figure is about the natural size of the female ; 



