528 



CHORD AT A. 



words, to shorten the whole mandible. This shortening is 

 carried to an extreme in the cat and gives the face of the 

 animal its peculiar "round" appearance. 



As smaller anatomical differences which are valuable in 

 classification; note the alisphenoid canal in the dog but 

 none in the cat, and the larger auditory bulla in the latter, 

 inside which there is a more complete bony septum. 



I'ig- 365.— The Permanent Teeth of the Wolf. (Nat. size.) 



Note small pointed incisors, large canines and cusped molars. The large 



fourth upper premolar bites on the large first lower molar 



and both are the carnassial teeth. 



The vertebral column of the dog and cat call for little 

 mention. Both have the same number of vertebrae, cervical 

 7, dorsal 13, lumbar 7, sacral 3, caudal 18-22. The dorso- 

 lumbar are 20, compared with 19 in the ox and 23 in the 

 horse. They have very little, if any, tendency to the opistho- 

 coelous condition of the horse and ox. The tail is usually 

 long and flexible and is put to a variety of purposes. 



