30 GRAMMAR OF 



seeds are taken from the berry, planted and grow. 



pie trees are reproduced in the nurseries from seeds, &c. 



2. A plant is continued) when parts taken from its roots, 

 stem, branches, its buds, &c. are transferred to different 

 places, and so cultivated as to continue to grow in sever- 

 al places at the same time. The living branches or twigs 

 of the same apple tree may continue to grow from the 

 original root and from hundreds of other roots in differ- 

 ent countries at the same time. And it is a fact now well 

 established, that those twigs or grafts, however recently 

 inserted, feel the effects of age in the same degree with the 

 twigs remaining on the original tree* ; all other circum- 

 stances being similar. 



The roots of potatoes continue in succession in their 

 native torrid regions year after year for a limited pe- 

 riod, like the Malaxis and some others of the Orchis 

 family in our latitude. Agriculturalists and gardeners aid 

 their progress here, by housing the roots in winter and 

 setting them in the earth again in the spring season. 

 These too are greatly distributed; so that this plant is 

 vastly extended by the continuation of the same individu- 

 al. But in due time the effects of age become manifest 

 to the cultivator, and he finds it necessary to reproduce 

 this useful plant from the seed, 



The Lombardy poplar is becoming enfeebled with 

 age in our country,, so that very recent shoots will hardly 

 withstand a severe winter. The reason is manifest. 

 There has never been a pistillate tree introduced from 

 Europe ; consequently this tree has never been repro- 

 duced here from the seed. We therefore see but the 

 feeble limbs of an exile in dotage, though yet sustained, 

 in a thousand localities. 



3. THE INCREASE OF PLANTS, on THE ENLARGEMENT 



OF THEIR VOLUME. 



After the first season of growing, all woody plants 

 continue to increase their size, if no accident occurs, un- 

 til age terminates their vital energies. Their volume is 

 not enlarged from an extention of each fibre or pore; 

 but from the annual acquisition of new ones. These new 

 ones are always deposited between the bark and wood* 



* See. Smith's Elements of Botany, 



