URTTCACE^E 



303 



U, racemdsa, Thomas. Cork elm. Fig. 450. Smaller tree than the last, 

 with corky-winged branches: leaves with . straighter veins: samara with 

 sharp incurved points at the apex: flowers in racemes. Less common. 



U. alata, Michx. Wahoo elm. Small tree, with wide, corky ridges OIL 

 the branches: leaves small and rather thick, almost sessile, ovate to nearly 

 lanceolate and acute : samara downy, at least when young. Virginia, south 

 and west. 



2. CfiLTIS. NETTLE-TREE. HACKBERRY. 



Elm-like in looks, but the fruit a 1-seeded, berry -like drupe: flowers 

 greenish, in the leaf axils, mostly diclinous; calyx 5-6-parted; stamens 5 or 

 6: stigmas 2, very long. 



C. occidentalis, Linn. Common hackberry. Middle-sized tree with 

 rough- furrowed bark: leaves ovate-pointed, oblique at base, serrate: fruit 

 purplish, as large as a pea, edible in the fall when ripe. Low grounds. 



3. T6XYLON. OSAGE ORANGE. 



Small tree, with dioecious flowers in catkins, and alternate, simple 

 leaves: sterile flowers in raceme-like, deciduous catkins : fertile flowers 

 densely crowded in a head, with 4 sepals and 2 stigmas, the ovary ripening 

 into an akene, the whole flower-cluster becom- 

 ing fleshy and ripening into an orange-like 

 mass. 



T. pomiferum, Raf. (Madura aurantiaca, 

 Nutt.). Osage orange. Fig. 451. Spiny, low 

 tree, much used for hedges, but not hardy in 



451. Toxylon pomiferum. 



the northernmost states: leaves narrow-ovate and entire, glossy: flowers 

 in spring after the leaves appear, the fruit ripening in autumn. Mo. 

 and Kan., south. 

 4. MOKUS. MULBERRY. 



Small to middle-sized trees, with broad, alternate toothed or lobed 

 leaves and monoecious flowers, with 4-parted calyx: stamens 4, with fila- 

 ments at first bent inward, the staminate catkins soon falling: fertile flow- 

 ers ripening a single akene, but the entire catkin become 

 fleshy and blackberry-like, and prized for eating. 

 Leaves very variable, often lobed and not lobed on the 

 same branch. 



M. rubra, Linn. Common wild mulberry. Often 

 a large tree in the south : leaves ovate-acuminate, 

 oblique at the base, rough and dull on the upper surface 

 and softer beneath, dentate: fruit % in. to 1 in. long, 

 black-red, sweet. Wood yellow. Most abundant south, 

 k u * row i n g as ^ ar nor * n as Mass. 



M, alba, Linn. White mulberry. Fig. 452. Leaves 

 light green and usually glossy above, the veins prominent and whitish beneath, 

 the teeth usually rounded or obtuse: fruit of variable size, often 1% in. long, 

 whitish, violet, or purple. China; planted for ornament and for its fruit, also 

 for feeding silkworms. The much -planted Russian Mulberry is a form of it. 



M lb 



