CAKYOPHYLLACE^] 307 



capsule commonly inclosed in the calyx, mostly splitting from the 

 top, the seeds usually attached to a central column. Genera between 

 30 and 40, species about 1000. Representative plants are pink, 

 carnation, bouncing Bet, catchfly, ehickweed, corn-cockle, lychnis, 

 spurrey. 



A. Flowers polypetalous, with sepals united into a tube. 



B. Bracts at the base of the calyx 1. Dlanthus 



BB. No bracts at base of calyx. 



c. Styles 2 2. Saponaria 



CO. Styles 4 or 5 3. Lychnis 



AA. Flowers often apetalous, the sepals nearly or quite distinct. 



B. Styles 3 or 4. : 4. Stellaria 



BB. Styles 5 5. Cerastium 



1. DIANTHUS. PINK. 



Showy -flowered small herbs, with striate. many-furrowed calyx and 

 sepal-like bracts at its base: petals with slender claws or bases, the limb 

 usually toothed or fringed: styles 2. 



a. Flowers single on ends of branches. 



D. Chinensis, Linn. China or florists' pink. Leaves short-lanceolate, 

 not grass-like: calyx-bracts linear-acute and as long as the calyx: petals in 

 white and shades of red, very showy. China. Perennial, but grown as an 

 annual (mostly under the florists' name D. Heddewigi). 



D, plumarius, Linn. Grass or Scotch pink. Common pink 

 of old gardens, from Europe. Low, growing in mats, glau- 

 cous-blue : leaves grass-like : flowers very fragrant, deep- 

 fringed, white or pink. Perennial. 



D. Caryophyllus, Linn. Carnation. Two ft. or more, with 

 wiry stems, glaucous-blue : leaves grass like: calyx-bracts 

 short and broad: petals more or less toothed but not fringed: 

 flowers fragrant. Europe. 



aa. Flowers in compact clusters. 



D. barbatus, Linn. Sweet William. Fig. 456. One ft. 

 or more, erect, green: flowers small, in dense clusters in red 



and white. Old World; common in old gardens. 



456. Dianthus 



2. SAPONAKIA. SOAPWORT. barbatus. 



Calyx cylindrical or angled, 5-toothed, with no bracts at its base: 

 stamens 10: styles 2: pod 4-toothed at top (Fig. 250). 



S. officinalis, Linn. Bouncing Bet. Perennial, forming colonies in old 

 yards and along roads, 1-2 ft. high, glabrous, with ovate or oval leaves: 

 flowers 1 in. across, white or rose, in dense clusters, often double, the 

 petals with a crown. Europe. Common. 



