KANUNCULACE^E 309 



A. Fruits akenes, several or many from each flower. 



B. True petals none, but sepals petal-like (and involucre 



often simulating a calyx). 



c. Involucre of 2 or more leaves much beneath the flower 1. Anemone 

 cc. Involucre of 3 sepal-like leaves close to the flower. .2. Hepatica 



BB. True petals present, yellow 3. Ranunculus 



AA. Fruits follicles. 



B. Petals not spurred, mostly yellow 4. Caltna 



BB. Petals spurred 5. Aquilegia 



1. ANEMONE. ANEMONY. WIND -FLOWED. 



Low perennial herbs with mostly showy apetalous flowers and an invo- 

 lucre of 2 or more mostly divided leaves standing some distance below the 

 flower: pistils ripening into a head of akenes. 



a. Akenes woolly or silky. 



A. Japonica, Sieb & Zucc. Japanese anemony. Three ft., blooming in 

 fall, with pink or white flowers 2-3 in. across : leaves with 3 cordate-ovate 

 notched leaflets. Much planted. 



A.Virginiana, Linn. Two ft., with involucre of three 3-parted leaves: 

 flowers on long stalks arising in succession from succeeding nodes : sepals 5, 

 acute, greenish- white: head of fruit oblong, % in. long. Woods, 

 aa. Akenes not woolly or silky. 



A. quinquefolia, Linn. (A. nemorosa of some). Common wind-flower. 

 Low, about 6 in., blooming in rich woods in early spring: involucral leaves 3, 

 each with 3 or 5 long leaflets: flowers white, purplish outside, pretty. 



2. HEPATICA. LIVERLEAF. MAYFLOWER of some places. 



Differs from Anemone chiefly in having 3 simple sepal-like bracts be- 

 neath the flower (but they are sometimes a half -inch removed from it) : 

 flowers in earliest spring, while, blush or blue, on simple hairy scapes: 

 leaves broad, 3-lobed. Woods. 



H. triloba, Chaix. Leaves with rounded lobes. 



H. acutiloba, DC. Leaves with acute lobes. 



3. RANUNCULUS. CROWFOOT. BUTTERCUP. Figs. 2, 187, 188, 191, 242. 



Perennials or annuals, with mostly yellow flowers: sepals 5: petals 5, 

 and bearing a little pit or scale at the base inside: leaves alternate: akenes 

 many in a head. 



R. acris, Linn. Tall buttercup. Two to 3 ft., from a fibrous root: 

 leaves 3-parted, all the divisions sessile and again 3-cleft: flowers bright 

 yellow. Europe, but now a common weed. Summer. 



E. bulbdsus, Linn. Earlier, and only half as tall, from a bulbous base: 

 leaves 3-parted, the lateral divisions sessile and the terminal one stalked: 

 peduncles furrowed: flowers bright yellow. Europe; common eastward. 



R. septentrionalis, Poir. Stems more or less prostrate at base, often 

 forming long runners : leaves 3-divided, divisions all stalked and 3-lobed or 

 -parted: petals obovate, yellow. Wet places. 



