320 



THE KINDS OF PLANTS 



Common rosaceous plants are rose, strawberry, apple, pear, plum, 

 peach, cherry, blackberry, raspberry, spirea, cinquefoil. 



A. Herbs (those described below). 



B. Torus not enlarging : flowers from stems 1. Potentilla 



BB. Torus becoming fleshy: flowers directly from the crown 



or root 2. Fragaria 



AA. Shrubs or trees. 



B. Ovary 1, free from the calyx and torus, becoming a drupe. 3. Prunus 

 BB. Ovaries many, free from the calyx and torus, becoming 



drupelets 4. Rubus 



BBB. Ovaries many, becoming akenes inside a hollow torus 5. Rosa 



BBBB. Ovaries 5, immersed in the torus 6. Pyrus 



1. POTENTlLLA. FIVE-FINGER. CINQUEFOIL. 



Herbs (sometimes shrubby) with flat deeply 5-cleft calyx and 5 bracts 

 beneath it, and 5 obtuse, mostly yellow or white petals: stamens many: 

 fruit an akene, of which there many in a little head on the small dry 

 torus: leaves compound. 



P. Norv6gica, Linn. An erect (1-2 ft. tall) very hairy and coarse an- 

 nual, with 3 obovate or oblong serrate leaflets and small flowers in which 

 the yellow corolla is usually not so large as the calyx. Common weed. 



P. Canad6nsis, Linn. Common five-finger. Trail- 

 ing, strawberry-like, with 3 narrow leaflets, but the 

 lateral ones deeply lobed- flowers solitary on axillary 

 peduncles, bright yellow. Fields: common. 



2. FKAGAKIA. STRAWBERRY. 



Low perennials with 3 broad-toothed leaflets and 

 a few flowers on radical peduncles : torus enlarging in 

 fruit, usually becoming fleshy. 



F. v6sca, Linn. Fig. 474. Small, very sparsely 



474. Fragaria vesca. hairy, the leaves thin and rather light green, very 



sharply toothed: flower-cluster overtopping the foliage, small and erect, fork- 

 ing: fruit slender and pointed, light colored 



(sometimes white), the akenes not sunk in the 



flesh. Cool woods; common North. 



F. Virginiana, Duch. Common field straiv- 



berry. Fig. 475. Stronger, darker green, loose- ^i 



hairy, the leaves with more sunken veins and 



larger and firmer: flower-cluster slender but not 



overtopping the leaves, in fruit with drooping 



pedicels: fruit globular or broad-conical, with 



akenes sunk in the flesh, light colored. Very- 



common. 475. Fragaria Virginiana. 



F. Chilo6nsis, Duch. Garden strawberry. Fig. 264. Low and spread- 

 ing but stout, the thick leaves somewhat glossy above and bluish white 



