324 THE KINDS OF PLANTS 



P. grandiflorus, Willd. Tall, with long recurving branches : leaves 

 ovate-pointed and somewhat downy beneath : flowers pure white, scentless, 

 in loose clusters. Virginia, south, and planted. 



2. RISES. GOOSEBERRY and CURRANT. 



Low shrubs, often prickly, with alternate digitately lobed leaves: 

 flowers small: sepals 5 and petal-like, on the ovary: petals and stamens 5, 

 borne on the calyx: fruit a small globular berry. 



a. Gooseberries: flowers 1-8: usually spines below the leaves. 



R. oxyacanthoides, Linn. Small bush, with long, graceful branches 

 and very short thorns or none: leaves thin, orbicular-ovate, about 3-lobed, 

 the edges thin and round-toothed: flowers on very short peduncles, the 

 calyx-lobes longer than the calyx-tube, the ovary and berry smooth, the 

 fruit reddish or green. Swamps N. ; parent of Houghton and Downing 

 gooseberries. 



R. Grossularia, Linn. English gooseberry. Stiffer and denser bush, 

 with firm and thickish more shining leaves, which have revolute margins: 



481. Ribes rubrum. 482. Ribes Amerbanum. 483. Ribes aureum. 



ovary downy and the large fruit pubescent or bristly. Europe; parent of 

 the large-fruited gooseberries. 



R. Cyn6sbati, Linn. Tall, open, prickly bush, with thickish bluntly 

 3-lobed downy leaves and long peduncles bearing 3 or more flowers with 

 calyx-lobes shorter than the tube: leaves rounded and 3-lobed: fruit dull 

 purple, either prickly or smooth. Common in dry places. 



aa. Currants: flowers in long racemes: no spines. 



R. rubrum, Linn. Red and white currant. Fig. 481. Erect bush, with 

 broad-cordate 3-5-lobed leaves with roundish lobes and not strong-smelling: 

 racemes drooping, the flowers greenish and nearly flat open: berries (cur- 

 rants) red or white. Europe. 



R. nigrum, Linn. Slack currant. Stronger bush, with strong-scented 

 leaves and larger oblong or bell-shaped flowers with bracts much shorter 

 than the pedicels: berries black and strong-smelling. Europe. 



R. Americanum, Marsh. (R. floridum, L'Her). Wild black currant. 

 Fig. 482. Straggling bush, with heart-shaped 3-5-lobed doubly serrate some- 



