COMPOSITE 337 



A. conyzoides, Linn. (A. Mexicanum of gardens). Annual pubescent 

 herb, with ovate-deltoid serrate leaves: cultivated (from tropical America) 

 for its small and numerous clustered soft heads. 



6. ACHILLEA. YARROW. 



Low perennial herbs : heads small, corymbose, many-flowered, white or 

 rose, with fertile rays: scales of involucre overlapping (imbricated) : torus 

 flattish, chaffy: pappus none. 



A. Millefolium, Linn. Yarrow. Stems simple below, but branching at 

 the top into a large rather dense umbel-like flower cluster: leaves very dark 

 green, twice-pinnatifid into very fine divisions : rays 4-5. Fields everywhere. 



7. CALENDULA. POT MARIGOLD. 



Erect, quick-growing annuals, with terminal large yellow or orange heads 

 with pistillate rays: involucre of many short green scales: torus flat: pap- 

 pus none: akenes of the ray florets (those of the disk florets do not mature) 

 curved or coiled. 



C. officinalis, Linn. Common pot marigold. A common garden annual 

 from the Old World, with alternate entire sessile oblong leaves : 1-2 ft. 



8. CHRYSANTHEMUM. CHRYSANTHEMUM. 



Erect herbs, annual or perennial, with alternate lobed or divided leaves: 

 rays numerous, pistillate and ripening seeds : torus usually naked, flat or 

 convex: pappus none. 



a. Akenes of ray florets winged. 



C. morifdlium, Ram. (C. Sinense, Sabine). Greenhouse chrysanthemum. 

 Tall and mostly strict, with lobed, firm and long-petioled alternate leaves: 

 flowers exceedingly various. China. 



aa. Akenes not winged. 



C. Leucanthemum, Linn. Whiteweed. Ox-eye daisy. Fig. 169. Peren- 

 nial, with many simple stems from each root, rising 1-2 ft., and bearing al- 

 ternate oblong sessile pinnatifid leaves : heads terminating the 

 stems, with long white rays and yellow disks. Fields everywhere 

 in the East, and spreading West. 



9. EUDBECKIA. CONE-FLOWER. 



Perennial or biennial herbs, with alternate leaves and showy 

 yellow-rayed terminal heads : ray florets neutral : scales of in- 

 volucre in about 2 rows, leafy and spreading : torus long or coni- 

 cal, with a bract behind each floret: akenes 3-angled, with no 

 prominent pappus. 



K. hirta, Linn. Brown-eyed Susan. Ox-eye daisy in the East. 

 Fig. 498. Biennial, 1-2 ft., coarse-hairy, leaves oblong or oblanceo- 

 late, nearly entire, 3-nerved : rays as long as the involucre or 

 longer, yellow, the disk brown: torus conical. Dry fields. 



E. laciniata, Linn. Two to 7 ft., perennial, smooth, branch- 

 ing: leaves pinnate, with 5-7-lobed leaflets, or the upper ones 3-5. 49^ R U( J. 

 parted: rays 1-2 in. long: torus becoming columnar. Low places, beckia hirta. 



