1 92 GROWTH AND WORK OF PLANTS 



pels, which separate at maturity, leaving the partition wall persistent. Such 

 a fruit is a silique; when short it is a silicle, or pouch. 



322. A pyxidium, or pyxis, is a capsule which opens with a lid, as in the 

 plantain. 



IV. FLESHY AND JUICY FRUITS. 



323. The drupe, or stone-fruit. In the plum, cherry, peach, 

 apricot, etc., the outer portion (exocarp) of the pericarp (ovary) 

 becomes fleshy, while the inner portion (endocarp) becomes hard 

 and stony and encloses the seed, or " pit " (figs. 148, 153). Such 

 a fruit is known as a drupe, or as a stone-fruit. In the almond 

 the fleshy part of the fruit is removed. 



Fig. 153- 

 Peach pit, the hard endocarp split open, showing the embryo within. 



m 



324:. The raspberry and blackberry. While these fruits are 

 known popularly as " berries," they are not berries in the technical 

 sense. Each ovary, or pericarp, in the flower forms a single small 

 fruit, the outer portion being fleshy and the inner stony, just as in 

 the cherry or plum. It is a drupelet (little drupe). All of the 

 drupelets together make the " berry," and as they ripen the sepa- 

 rate drupelets cohere more or less. It is a collection, or aggrega- 

 tion, of fruits, and consequently they are sometimes called collective 

 fruits, multiple or aggregate fruits. In the raspberry the fruit 

 separates from the receptacle, leaving the latter on the stem, while 



