THE FRUIT: REINFORCED FRUITS 



195 



V. REINFORCED, OR ACCESSORY, FRUITS. 



326. When the receptacle is grown to the pericarp in fruit, 

 the fruit is said to be reinforced. The receptacle may enclose the 

 pericarp, or the latter may be 



seated upon the receptacle. 



327. In the strawberry the 

 receptacle of the flower becomes 

 large and fleshy, while the 

 " seeds," which are akenes, are 

 sunk in the surface and are 

 hard and dry. The strawberry 

 thus differs from the raspberry 

 and blackberry, but like them 

 it is not a true berry. 



328. The apple, pear, 

 quince, etc. In the flower 

 the calyx, corolla, and stamens 

 are perigynous, i.e., they are 



seated on the margin of the receptacle, which is elevated around 



the pistils. In fruit the 

 receptacle becomes con- 

 solidated with the wall 

 of the ovary (with the 

 pericarp). The recepta- 

 cle thus reinforces the 

 pericarp., The recepta- 

 cle and outer portion 

 of the pericarp become 

 fleshy, while the inner 

 portion of the pericarp 

 becomes papery and 

 f orms the " core." The 

 calyx persists on the free end of the fruit. Such a fruit is called a 

 pome. The receptacle of the rose-flower, closely related to the 



Fig. 158. 

 Section of tomato fruit. 



Fig. 159- 

 Fruit of squash, a pepo. 



