MODERN MACHINERY. 305 



Coffee is roasted for commercial purposes by the 

 wholesale manufacturer in a large cylinder, generally six 

 feet long, made of sheet steel, which is perforated with 

 numerous holes, and inside of it there are fastened to 

 the shell a number of cast iron flights, or conveying 

 shelves, which keep the coffee in motion from one end 

 of the cylinder to the other, and causes it to be roasted 

 evenly and brightly. The cylinder rests on a front and 

 back plate of cast iron, and revolves in a furnace of 

 brick over a hot fire. The green coffee is fed into the 

 hopper of the roaster at the front of the machine while 

 the cylinder is in motion, and during the operation of 

 roasting the operator can, by means of a " tryer," take 

 from the cylinder a small sample of the coffee, so that 

 he can at any time tell by the sample at what stage the 

 coffee is in the cylinder. When the coffee is sufficiently 

 roasted the operator opens the discharge-door at the 

 front of the machine, and every grain of coffee is there 

 discharged from the cylinder while it is in motion. One 

 of the best roasters in the market is the XL Roaster, 

 manufactured by the Fraser Manufacturing Co., of New 

 York city, a picture of which is now shown. 



