264 Coffee Planting, 



climate. The soil may be swampy, or, possibly, 

 deficient in organic matter ; or, the climate may be 

 too cold, too hot, too dry, or too wet. Again, 

 diseases often in reality result from the attacks of 

 external enemies, such as insects or fungi, and in 

 this form are commonly vaguely termed " blights.'* 



Tournefort divided the diseases of plants into the 

 following classes : those arising from over-abun- 

 dance of sap ; those caused by too little ; those 

 arising from sap of bad quality ; those from its 

 being unequally distributed ; and, fifthly, those 

 due to external causes. 



An excess of sap is produced where the climate 

 is too wet, and is understood to be most readily 

 remediable by the application of organic manures, 

 such as cattle-dung. Where plants are deficient in 

 sap, on the other hand, owing to a want of organic 

 nourishment, or of moisture, the natural remedies 

 are, again the application of manure, irrigation, 

 repression of weeds, and, above all, shade culture. 



The principal external enemies of the coffee- 

 tree are BUG, WORM (or BORER), LEAF-DISEASE, 

 ROT, GRUBS, and STUMP. 



Bug (Coccus Coffece, or Lecanium Coffece) has been 

 fully described by Mr. Nietner, of Ceylon, in his 

 interesting work, entitled " Enemies of the Coffee- 

 tree." The pest may be divided into two species, 

 the black and the white bug. The black bug is a 



