30 CONIFERS AND TAXADS OF JAPAN 



KEY TO THE JAPANESE SPECIES 



Cone-scales reflexed at the apex, numerous, with lepidote glands on the back; leaves on 

 short shoots gray-green, markedly stomatiferous on both surfaces . L. Kaempferi. 



Cone-scales not reflexed at the apex, few in number, glabrous or glandularly puberulous; 

 leaves on short shoots grass-green, with or without obscure and broken stomatiferous 

 lines on the upper surface L. dahubica, var. japonica. 



LARIX KAEMPFERI Sarg. 



Plates XV and XVI 



Larix Kaempferi Sargent, Silva N. Am. XII. 2, note 2 (not Carriere *) 

 (1898). Silva Tarouca, Uns. Freiland-Nadelh. 60, fig. 53 (1913). 



Pinus Larix Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 275 (not Linnaeus) (1784). 



Pinus Kaempferi Lambert, Pinus, ed. 2, preface, vi (1828). 



Abies Kaempferi Lindley in Penny Cycl. I. 34 (1833). 



Abies leptolepis Siebold & Zuccarini, Fl. Jap. II. 12, t. 105 (1842). 



Pinus leptolepis Endlicher, Syn. Conif. 130 (1847). 



Larix japonica Hort. ex Endlicher, Syn. Conif. 130 (as a synonym) (1847). Car- 

 riere, Traite Conif. 272 (1855). Murray, Pines & Firs Jap. 94, fig. 178-188 

 (1863). Regel in Gartenfl. XX. 104, t. 685, fig. 7 (1871). 



Larix leptolepis Gordon, Pinet. 128 (1858). Murray in Proc. Hort. Soc. Lond. II. 

 633, fig. 154, 156-171 (1862); Pines & Firs Jap. 89, fig. 172-177 (1863). 

 Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. III. 166 (1867); Prol. Fl. Jap. 330 (1867). 

 Regel in Gartenfl. XX. 102, t. 685, fig. 5 (1871). Franchet & Savatier, Enum. PI. 

 Jap. I. 466 (1875). Masters in Jour. Linn. Soc. XVIII. 523 (1881). Mayr, 

 Monog. Abiet. Jap. 63, t. 5, fig. 14 (1890). Sargent, Forest Fl. Jap. 83 (1894). 

 Shirasawa, Icon. Ess. For. Jap. I. 13, t. 2, 1-16 (1900). Kent in Veitch, Man. 

 Conif. ed. 2, 397, fig. 102 (1900). Matsumura, Ind. PI. Jap. II. pt. 1, 11 (1905). 

 Miyoshi, Atlas Jap. Veget. pt. II. 6, t. 12 (1905); pt. V. 5, t. 38 (1906). Elwes & 

 Henry, Trees Gr. Brit. & Irel. II. 384, t. 108 (1907). Clinton-Baker, III. Conif. 

 II. 58, t. (1909). Hayata, Veget. ML Fuji, 93, fig. 5, 16, 31 (1911). 



Larix leptolepis, var. minor Murray in Proc. Hort. Soc. Lond. II. 637, fig. 155 (1862). 



Larix leptolepis, /3 Murrayana Maximowicz in Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 1866, 3. 

 Franchet & Savatier, Enum. PI. Jap. I. 366 (1875). Beissner, Handb. Nadelh. 

 ed. 2, 309, fig. 73 (1909). 



Larix Japonica macrocarpa Carriere, Traite Conif. ed. 2, 354 (1867). 



Larix orientalis Jackson in Ind. Kew. II. 31 (as a synonym) (1895). 



Larix Kaempferi, var. minor Sargent, Silva N. Am. XII. 2, in a note (1898). 



As a wild tree this Larch, the Kara-matsu, is confined to volcanic soils of recent 

 formation in central Hondo from Hak-san, in Kaga province in the south and west 

 through Shinano province to that of Shimotsuke, where it reaches its northern 

 limit in the Nikko region. Within these limits it is common on nearly every moun- 

 tain, but especially on Yatsuga-dake and on Fuji-san. Its altitudinal range is from 

 500 to 2300 m., but on the south side of Fuji-san above this altitude it forms scrub 

 up to 2900 m. On Fuji-san Pinus pumila Regel does not grow and its place is in 

 a measure taken by scrub Larch. That this low scrubby growth is the direct re- 

 sult of local ecological conditions and not of fixed character is proved by plants 



1 Larix Kaemfferi Carriere is Pseudolarix Kaempferi Gordon (Pinet. 292 [1858]), the Chinese 

 Golden Larch, a tree unknown in Japan and to Kaempfer. 



