50 CONIFERS AND TAXADS OF JAPAN 



Tsuga Sieboldii is found, the trees rarely exceed 26 m. in height, but many are 

 fully 6 m. in girth of trunk, and are picturesque in appearance. The forests on 

 this island are dense and the Hemlock trees are clean of branches for two-thirds 

 of their height and have flat-topped crowns composed of short, stout branches. 

 Usually the trunk is somewhat inclined, occasionally conspicuously so, and the 

 contrast between the Tsuga and the Cryptomeria, with its towering, mast-like 

 trunk, is very striking. On the mountains of Shikoku and of Hondo the 

 trunks of this Hemlock are upright or nearly so, and more clothed with branches 

 which are rather thin, spread horizontally and form a more or less oval crown. 

 The bark is gray, firm, fissured and shows red beneath. It is used for tanning 

 fish nets. The shoot is shining, yellowish brown and always perfectly glabrous, 

 and this is the best character by which to distinguish this species from T. diversifolia 

 Mast. The winter-buds are ovoid to subglobose, reddish and glabrous, and the 

 scales are ciliate. The leaves are entire, of uniform width and relatively broad, 

 from 0.6 to 2 cm. long, emarginate, not crowded, and are shining dark green 

 above, with a green midrib and two broad white stomatic lines on the under side. 

 The ripe cone is narrowly ovoid, from 1.6 to 3 m. long, shining pale brown and is 

 composed of rather broad scales which are truncated or rounded and slightly 

 oblique on the margin. The wood is pale yellowish brown, with a wavy figure 

 and is of good quality; it is valued for building purposes and for shingles. 

 Native names for this tree are Tsuga and Toga-matsu. 



Tsuga Sieboldii was discovered by von Siebold and introduced by him into 

 Europe in 1850. In this Arboretum it has not proved very hardy, but in the 

 Hunnewell Pinetum there is a rather poor specimen 6 m. tall. 



TSUGA DIVERSIFOLIA Mast. 



Plates XXXI and XXXII 



Tsuga diversifolia Masters in Jour. Linn. Soc. XVIII. 514 (1881) ; in Jour. 

 Hort. Soc. Lond. XIV. 255 (1892). Mayr, Monog. Abiet. Jap. 61, t. 4, fig. 13 

 (1890). Sargent, Forest Fl. Jap. 81, t. 25 (1894); in Garden & Forest, X. 491, fig. 

 63 (1897); Silva N. Am. XII. 60 (1898). Kent in Veitch, Man. Conif. ed. 2, 467 

 (1900). Matsumura, Ind. PI. Jap. II. pt. 1, 20 (1905). Miyoshi, Atlas Jap. 

 Veget. pt. V. 3, t. 34, 35 (1906). Elwes & Henry, Trees Gr. Brit. & Irel. II. 249 

 (1907). Shirasawa, Icon. Ess. For. Jap. II. t. 4, fig. 1-15 (1908). Clinton- 

 Baker, III. Conif. I. 66, t. (1909). Hayata, Veget. Mt. Fuji, 93 (1911). 

 Silva Tarouca, Uns. Freiland-N adelh. 289, t. 303 (1913). 



Abies diversifolia Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, ser. 3, XII. 229 (1868) ; 

 in Mel. Biol. VI. 373 (1868). Franchet & Savatier, Enum. PI. Jap. I. 468 (1875). 

 Pinus Tsuga, /3 nana Endlicher, Syn. Conif. 83 (1847). 

 Tsuga Sieboldii, nana Carriere, Traite Conif. 186 (1855). 

 Abies Tsuga nana Siebold apud Gordon Pinet. suppl. 13 (1862). 

 Tsuga Araragi, var. nana Sargent, Silva N. Am. XII. 60, in a note (1898). 

 Pinus araragi, var. diversifolia Voss in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVI. 93 (1907). 

 Pinus araragi, var. nana Voss in Putlitz & Meyer, Landlexikon, IV. 773 (1913). 



On the mountains of the Nikko region and northward this is the only repre- 

 sentative of the genus and it is common in the forests on nearly all the high 

 mountains of central and northern Hondo. Its most northerly habitat is Hakkoda- 



