84 CONIFERS AND TAXADS OF JAPAN 



Juniperus japonica Hort. apud Carriere, Traiti Conif. 33 (as to the synonyms J. 



procumbens and J. chinensis, B procumbens) (1855). 

 Juniperus recurvata, var. squamata Masters in Bull. Herb. Boiss. VI. 274 (not Par- 



latore) (1898). Matsumura, Ind. PI. Jap. II. pt. 1, 10 (1905). 

 Juniperus litoralis Hort. ex Henry in Elwes & Henry, Trees Gr. Brit. & Irel. VI. 



1422 (as a synonym, not Maximowicz) (1912). 



This Juniper, so common in Japanese gardens, I did not see growing wild. 

 As Henry points out it has no connection whatever with J. chinensis L. with which 

 it was united by Endlicher as a variety and has been so accepted by many authors. 

 It is certainly most closely related to J. squamata Lamb, from which, as Henry 

 points out, it differs "in the branchlets being glaucous- white on the edges of the 

 pulvini." The leaves are homomorphic and ternate, lance-shaped, acuminate, 

 pungent, ascending-spreading, and concave on the upper surface with a very broad 

 stomatic band which is divided except near the apex by a raised, greenmidrib. The 

 young shoots are glaucous and the appearance of the whole plant is rather glaucous 

 or bluish green. This Juniper is a low, spreading plant with shoots ascending at 

 the ends. The habit is lax and the branches are rather stiff. The fruit is not 

 known. It is perfectly hardy in this Arboretum, but brown dead leaves persist 

 for a long time on the branches and rather disfigure the plant. However, when 

 growing freely in good soil this is one of the handsomest of all the low-growing 

 Junipers. The Japanese names for the plant are Hai-byakushin and Sonare. 



It was sent to the Royal Dutch Horticultural Society by Teijsmann from 

 Buitenzorg, Java, in 1843. In 1864 Maximowicz sent living plants from Japan 

 to Petrograd, but it does not appear to have become well known in England until 

 near the close of the nineteenth century. It is much cultivated in this country, 

 especially in California, where there is good reason to believe it was introduced by 

 Dr. George Hall in 1862. 



JUNIPERUS CHINENSIS L. 



Juniperus chinensis Linnaeus, Mant. 127 (1767). Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. ed. 2, 

 III. 838 (1832). Bunge in MSm. Sav. ttr. Acad. Sd. St. Pitersbourg, II. 137 

 (Enum. PI. Chin. Bor. 63) (1833). Siebold & Zuccarini in Abh. Akad. Miinch. IV. 

 pt. 3, 233 (Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. II. 109) (1846). Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. 

 III. 167 (1867); Prol. Fl. Jap. 331 (1867); in Siebold & Zuccarini, Fl. Jap. II. 58, 

 t. 126, 127 exclude fig. 3 (1870). Franchet & Savatier, Enum. PI. Jap. I. 472 

 (1875). Masters in Jour. Linn. Soc. XVIII. 497 (1881). Sargent, Forest Fl. 

 Jap. 78 (1894). Shirasawa, Icon. Ess. For. Jap. I. 29, t. 12, fig. 14-27 (1900). 

 Palibin in Act. Hort. Petrop. XIX. 137 (Consp. Fl. Kor.) (1901). Matsumura in 

 Tokyo Bot. Mag. XV. 138 (1901); Ind. PL Jap. II. pt. 1, 10 (in part) (1905). 

 Matsumura & Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, XXII. 402 (Enum. PI. Formos.) 

 (1906). Beissner, Handb. Nadelh. ed. 2, 602 (1909). Elwes & Henry, Trees 

 Gr. Brit. & Irel. VI. 1430 (1912). Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, PI. Wilson. II. 

 60 (1914). 



Juniperus barbadensis Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 264 (not Linnaeus) (1784). 



Juniperus virginica Thunberg, 1. c. (not Linnaeus) (1784). 



Juniperus cernua Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. ed. 2, III. 839 (1832). 



Juniperus dimorpha Roxburgh, 1. c. (1832). 



Juniperus Thunbergii Hooker & Arnott, Bot. Voy. Beechey, 271 (1838?). 



Juniperus flagelliformis Hort. apud Loudon, Encycl. Trees & Shrubs, 1090 (1842). 



