244 THE STRUGGLE FOR TUE LIFE OF OTHERS. 



ever utterly alone. There is no such thing in nature 

 as a man, or for the matter of that as an animal, 

 except among the very humblest forms. Wherever 

 there is a higher animal there is another animal ; 

 wherever there is a savage there is another savage 

 the other half of him, a female savage. This much, at 

 least, Sex has done for the world it has abolished 

 the numeral one. Observe, it has not simply discour- 

 aged the existence of one ; it has abolished the exist- 

 ence of one. The solitary animal must die, and can 

 leave no successor. Unsociableness, therefore, is ban- 

 ished out of the world ; it has become the very con- 

 dition of continued existence that there should always 

 be a family group, or at least pair. The determi- 

 nation of Nature to lay the foundation stone of corpo- 

 rate national life at this point, and to embed Socia- 

 bility forever in the constitution of humanity, is only 

 obvious when we reflect with what extraordinary 

 thoroughness this Evolution of Sex was carried out. 

 There is no instance in Nature of Division of Labor 

 being brought to such extreme specialization. The 

 two sexes were not only set apart to perform different 

 halves of the same function, but eacli so entirely lost 

 the power of performing the whole function that even 

 with so great a thing at stake as the continuance of 

 the species one could not discharge it. Association, 

 combination, mutual help, fellowship, affection things 

 on which all material and moral progress would 

 ultimately turn were thus forced upon the world 

 at the bayonet's point. 



This hint, that the course of development is taking 

 a social rather than an individual direction, is of im- 

 mense significance. If that can be brought about by 



