f^American l^ee Journal 



sowed it with grain, and the winter 

 snows would meU and then freeze sohd 

 and smother out the grain, then the 

 sweet clover would grow. It doesn't 

 grow on the roadside. I have sowed it 

 on heavy soils, and when it once got 

 rooted it grew. It docs better on hard 

 land, and where it grows in our State 

 is principally on hard, sandy ground. 



Mr. Anderson — It grows well by the 

 roadside. 



Dr. Bohrer — I never sow it on hard 

 ground, but in the spring I scatter it 

 along the road under the hedges, and 

 along fences. It grows there. 



Mr. Wilcox — Where the grain died 

 out is where sweet clover grows. Sow 

 the clover with the grain. In producing 

 alfalfa, it is recommended by those ex- 

 licrienced that you should not sow it 

 with other crops of grian, but sow it 

 alone ; and that is the surest wav of 

 securing a good stand. I suppose it is 

 the same with sweet clover. There may 

 be something in the talk in regard to 

 bacteria. You may lack bacteria to start 

 sweet clover. It is believed that if you 

 use soil where sweet clover grows the 

 bacteria will start the alfalfa. Where 

 sweet clover has never grown introduce 

 proper bacteria. 



Mr. Burnett — For some years we un- 

 dertook to raise alfalfa Dy giving it 

 .great care, and no care, etc. But we 

 had the best results on land that was 

 tilled and no crop put in. Then we 

 would get very poor results. I am satis- 

 lied from what I know of sweet clover 

 that if you can get a little soil from 

 around the plant and mi.x it with seed, 

 almost every seed will grow. 



Mr. Baldridge — No, it will not grow 

 on any soil, but it can be made to do 

 so. In Arkansas I am advised that they 

 have a great deal of soil that will not 

 grow sweet clover. They claim that 

 there is no lime in the soil. Sweet 

 clover must have lime. Supply the soil 

 with lime and you can grow sweet 

 clover. You can grow it with ashes. 

 You can plant sweet clover in hills and 

 put in a pound or a quart of ashes. 

 Coal ashes will make it grow. I have 

 .grown a box of sweet clover — yes, a 

 foot high — in simply coal ashes. I have 

 .a photograph of that growth. There is 

 lime enough in the ashes of hard coal 

 to make it grow nicely. Y'ou can get an 

 abundance of that thing wherever they 

 use hard coal. I claim you can make 

 it grow on any land by using lime or 

 coal ashes. 



At this point Mr. Whitney gave a 

 very interesting exhibition of his new 

 comb-leveler, and also his method of 

 wiring brood-frames. 



Standard Size of Sections. 



Mr. Winter — When I started in bee- 

 keeping I bought the 4% plain sections. 

 \\ liat is the standard size for sections? 



Mr. Taylor— 434x^4 — 7-to-thc-foot. 



Mr. Wheeler — ^454x4^4, bee-way sec- 

 tion. 



Or. Miller — How many prefer 4^x4^ 

 — 7-to-the-foot, bee - way sections? 5. 



1 low many prefer 4'4x454''iJ'8 bee- 

 way? 5. How many prefer plain sec- 

 tions? 6. How many prefer bee-way 

 sections? 12. How many prefer tall sec- 

 tions? 2. How many prefer 3>'^x5? i. 



A Member— The iH^sVs, ;-to-the-foot 



2 bee-way section makes a very hand- 



some section. 1 like tliem. My Iicls 

 will work them quicker than the 4'4 

 sections. I think they work the tall 

 sections quicker. 



Langstroth or Shallow Frames for 

 Extracting. 



"W'hich will produce the most honey, 

 all things being equal — the standard 

 Langstroth frame, or the shallow frame, 

 for extracted honey?" 



Mr. Wilcox — I do not believe it will 

 make any difference in the quantity. But 

 it might make a difference to the opera- 

 tor. I prefer the Langstroth myself. 



Mr. Dadant— The depth of the shal- 

 low frame must be considered. If the 

 shallow frame is as shallow as the sec- 

 tions, I believe there is no doubt. If 

 you place the question in a different 

 light; if you, as I do, use a larger hive 

 than a Langstroth, then I would say that 

 a shallower frame than the Langstroth 

 would be easier to handle to extract. We 

 get cotub a trifle less than 6 inches in 

 depth. A stroke of the knife will cut it 

 without going twice over it. I believe these 

 frames will prove more satisfactory to 

 apiarists. Where there is a small crop 

 you give the bees full Langstroth frames 

 when there is no need of giving such 

 large frames, except in extraordinary 

 seasons. 



Pollen in Surplus Honey. 



"Can pollen be kept out of the sur- 

 plus chamber when supplied with sec- 

 tions or brood-frames? If so, how?" 



Mr. Wilcox — I never had any trouble 

 with pollen in sections, for a queen 

 doesn't go in theiu. A streak of honey 

 in the brood-frame next to the super 

 tends to prevent pollen getting into the 

 sections. I would put on a queen-e.x- 

 cluding honey-l)Oard. If you hive a 

 swarm and put the sections on the same 

 day, or the following day, the queen 

 will get there quickly," and there will 

 be pollen there. 



Dr. Miller— One thing that helps to 

 keep pollen out of the sections, and ' 

 the queen out of the sections is to 

 fill the sections entirely with founda- 

 tion. If a section is only partly filled 

 with foundation, the - bees will build 

 drone comb, and I have known bees to 

 leave drone-cells above, apparently wait- 

 ing for the queen to come up and oc- 

 cupy. I have no trouble to speak of at 

 all. I don't use queen-excluders at all. 

 The amount of pollen and brood that I 

 find in the super wouldn't pay me to 

 use excluders. I have the sections en- 

 tirely filled with comb foundation. 



Mr. Wheeler — I notice a peculiar thing 

 about foundation in the sections. In us- 

 ing the Heddon hive, I find that if I 

 hive a swarin in two sections, and leave 

 them there 2 days, then put on the honey 

 super, I have no trouble. But if_I hive 

 the swarm at once and put on the hon- 

 ey-super, /the bees having no brood to 

 feed that pollen to. store it in the sec- 

 tions. I leave off the comb honey super 

 for a few days and let the bees get well 

 established, and then crowd the bees into 

 the lower part and put on the comb- 

 honey super. 



Dr. Miller — Along this line of pollen 

 in sections I will relate a little incident. 

 Quite a number of years ago a man 

 wrote, asking why it was that in sec- 

 tions that he had over shallow brood- 

 frames he had a great deal of pollen. 



and rner hives with deeper frames he 

 li.id no pollen? I answered that it was 

 a mere happenstance; that bees woudn't 

 carry pollen into the sections over shal- 

 low frames as they would in deep 

 frames. Not long after I got some 

 shallow frames. I have 2 colonics on 

 shallow frames. In the sections pro- 

 duced over those frames' I had more 

 pollen than in 100 full sections over 

 Langstroth frames. I don't know 

 wdiether that is always the case. 



Mr. Reynolds- .A normal colony would 

 be prepared to swarm and would not 

 have luuch pollen. If the "shook" meth- 

 od is used, they would be in the habit 

 of gathering pollen. 



"Can bees be induced to remove the 

 pollen when stored in the surplus cham- 

 lier? If so, how?" 



Dr. Miller — I have had pollen removed 

 simply by leaving it there long enough. 

 If you take the frames that are entirelv 

 tilled with pollen, in the course of time 

 the bees will work out the pollen. But 

 if it is stored in the sections, I know no 

 way of getting it out. 



Mr. Dadant — Would not pollen in the 

 sections, even if taken out, leave a stain 

 in the sections? I don't know. Have 

 you had sections with a black spot here 

 and there, but no pollen? 



Dr. Miller— I have never noticed it. I 

 have never thought of it before. I laid 

 it to the brood. 



Removing Eggs. 



"Can bees be induced to remove eggs 

 or brood in the surplus chamber when 

 desired by the bee-keeper? If so, how?" 



Mr. Taylor— Kill it. 



Mr. Wheeler — Kill it by leaving it off 

 the hive for a few days. 



Dr. Bohrer — Y'es, by immersing the 

 frames in water. It will float the brood 

 and eggs out. 



Dr. Miller — Simply dipping down .'n 

 the water would not in all cases bring 

 water where the eggs are. 



Mr. Wilcox— Lay them down flat on 

 the ground in a rainstorm. 



Mr. Baldridge — "V^ery frequently I find 

 brood in the surplus apartment. I Can 

 get the bees to remove the brood or the 

 egjgs very readily by sprinkling them 

 with water. I use a device such as the 

 florists use to sprinkle plants. The brood 

 will iiumediately be removed by the bees. 

 This is especially useful if you want to 

 sell the honey in the brood-combs. 



Mr. Wilcox — The question of reniov- 

 iniT bee-bread is valuable. But as for 

 removing brood, I never saw the time 

 when I couldn't put it somewhere else. 



Mr. Baldridge — Suppose j'ou had a 

 colony with eggs or unsealed brood of 

 black bees when you have Italians. 

 Water will remove every egg and every 

 larva. 



.\djouriunent to 2 p. m. 



(To be Concluded) 



FOLKS WHO NEVER DO 

 ANY MORE THAN THEY 

 GET PAID FOR, NEVER 

 GET PAID FOR ANY MORE 

 THAN THEY DO- Hubbard 



