66 IRANSACTIONS OF THE AMEKICAN INSTITUTE. 



thincss. The early sorts are usually sown in a hot-bed in March — 

 sometimes in Februar}' — so as to have plants ready for setting out 

 in April, particularly in the vicinity of good markets. Cabbages 

 do not head as well in the heat of summer, hence the first crop 

 is got in quite early, and the main or late crop is sown the mid' 

 die or last of June. The early sorts are also sown about the 

 middle of September, and transplanted .to a cold frame the last of 

 October, covering with boards in severe weather. Seed is sown 

 thickly in drills, one foot apart, and covered with one-half inch 

 soil, well pressed down. A warm, light and moderately rich soil 

 suits the cabbage family. As hog manure is reputed to impart 

 " club-foot," it is safest to omit it. Wood ashes are good for 

 cabbages. Dig or plow the soil one foot deep and set early 

 plants about the middle of April, in rows two feet apart and 18 

 inches distant in row. The late, large-growling sorts should be 2| 

 by 2 feet. In transplanting it is often customary to set a lettuce 

 plant between the cabbages, which will be ready for use before 

 the cabbages require the whole ground. Frequently stirring the 

 soil greatly benefits this crop. Coleworts, Turnip Cabbage, Brus- 

 sels Sprouts, Kale, Broccoli and Borecole are all varieties of the 

 cabbage family, requiring about the same treatment. The whole 

 family usually head better by being transplanted. 



Carrots should have a large place in the garden, and if more 

 are raised than the frequent demands for the kitchen require, the 

 balance will furnish the best of cow or horse feed. Two kinds 

 are enough for family use; the Early Horn, a sweet, tender, early 

 sort of small size, and the Long Orange for the main winter crop. 

 The Early Horn will frequently give a good yield sown in July, 

 after early peas or onions; but for early use should be sown in 

 a warm, rich, deeply-worked, fine soil, the first to the middle of 

 April. Let the rows be one foot apart, scatter in plenty of seed, 

 cover one-half inch deep with fine soil, and thin to four inches at 

 the second hoeing. The Long Orange grows larger and does best 

 in rows 15 inches apart, thinned to 5 inches. There is little dan- 

 ger of making the soil too rich or working it too deep for this 

 tap-rooted crop. Keep well hoed and wed, especially while 

 small. The main crop may be sown from the middle of April to 

 the first of June — better early in May. 



Caulijioiver. — This delicate and popular vegetable is of the cab- 

 bage family, and the directions already given will apply equally 



