132 TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE. 



the case. Chemists have stated that a cold solution of hops, 

 instead of boiling them, as is the usual practice, will retain a sponge 

 for forty-eight hours, and dough may be taken from it at any 

 period, which, if baked, will make superior bread. 



Dr. Crowell. — I have lately' learned an important fact in regard 

 to yeast, which should be known to every house-wife. If the hops 

 are steeped in a cold solution, instead of hot, the dough is pre- 

 served from acetic fermentation much longer. Indeed, bread made 

 from dough mixed at the same time showed no difference, baked 

 48 hours apart. 



Moving Large Trees. 

 Mr. B. Hathaway, Little Prairie, Ronde, Mich., objects to moving 

 trees with a frozen ball of earth, as the very worst possible plan, 

 because the exposed roots freeze and retard the growth of the tree. 

 ''I dig a wide trench about the tree to be transplanted, in the 

 spring, work under it, cutting the roots, until it can be tilted over 

 on the side. I slope the bank, run a stone-boat under it, straighten 

 it up, so it will rest on the boat, and draw it out, with one or more 

 teams, as is necessary. The hole should be dug to receive it, then, 

 by a little care in driving, not directly across the hole, but a little 

 to one side, the tree can be deposited in its new place, tipped 

 down again, the boat removed, straightened up, the earth filled in, 

 and the work is done. I have some 30 apple trees that were 

 transplanted, after growing eight years, that are now in good 

 bearing state ; indeed, the transplanting seemed simply to remind 

 them that they had something more to do in this world than 

 merely to grow, they being mostly of the Northern Spy, that before 

 their removal showed only premonitory symptoms of fecundity.. 

 I have also 20 or more cherry trees transplanted this spring, as 

 above described, that are now in full blossom." 



Potato Bugs — Iowa. 

 Mr. M. H. Bishard, Des Moines, says : " They are here by mil- 

 lions. The only chance of getting any potatoes this year is to 

 make war upon the bugs. I take a paddle and basket and beat 

 the bugs into it, and kill them with hot M'ater. Our experience 

 with potato bugs teaches that we can only raise potatoes by the 

 sweat of our brow. Imagine me standing, basket and paddle in 

 hand, in the midst of a patch of potatoes, with from 6 to 12 bugs 

 on each hill, and you will have a photograph of my patch." 



